Fiber

Technology
Kelompok 6
Ahmad Yusran Siregar(2006494136)
Muhammad Fahreza Kresnamurti (2006547224)
 What is Fiber Optic

Transmitting
communications signals over
hair thin strands of glass or
plastic
History of Fiber Optic Cable
TAT-8 (1988)
FLAG (1997)

Palapa Ring (2007)

Fiber Optic Cable
 Total Internal Reflecetion
• the refraction will cause light to be reflected from the
surface
• Optical fiber uses this reflection to "trap" fiber in the core
 Types of Fiber Optic
1. Single-Mode
- Having only 1 path for light to pass
- Very small diameter of core (7 to 10 um)
- Mostly use on extremely long distance
- Appropriate for Internet Backbone, WAN
 Types of Fiber Optic
2. Step Index Multimode Fiber
- Light takes more than one path to travel
- First fiber design
- Mainly used for audio and TV Links
 Types of Fiber Optic
2. Graded Index Multimode Fiber
- offers hundreds of times more bandwidth than step index fiber
- primarily used for premises networks, LANs, fiber to the desk, CCTV, Data
Center and other security systems
Connector

www.scientechworld.com
Transmission System

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jZOg39v73c4
https://youtu.be/jZOg39v73c4
Popular Use of Fiber Optic

www.nexus-net.info
Advantages Disadvantages

1. Greater bandwidth & faster speed 1. Fragility

2. Cheap 2. Distance
3. Thinner and light-weighted
4. Less signal degradation
5. Light signals
6. Long lifespan
 SE
AM
SABANG EW
E-5
ACEH
US
SEA
PENANG
BRUNEI TALAUD
NATUNA NUNUKAN
MEDAN
SIMEULEU TARAKAN
Malaka
MANADO
SINGAPORE TOBELO
SANGATA
NIAS ENTIKONG
PBR DUMAI BATAM TERNATE
PADANG TERNATE
PALU FEF
Slt Panjang PONTIANAK BIAK
BALIKPAPAN SORONG SARMI
TUA PEJAT JAMBI
BINTUNI
JAYAPURA

BENGKULU BANJARMASIN KENDARI FAKFAK

PALEMBANG
NABIRE
KOTA BARU
AMBON TIMIKA
Legend : P PRAMUKA BAU-BAU

: eksisting LAMPUNG
JAKARTA
MAKASAR WANGI-WANGI TUAL
: on going TNH MERAH
SURABAYA
: plan BANDUNG BIMA
MAUMERE
MATARAM
: palapa ring ATAMBUA MERAUKE
DENPASAR
WAINGAPU KUPANG
 SONET & SDH
Synchronous Optic Network
(SONET) dan Synchronous
Digital Hierarchy (SDH)
adalah standar yang
digunakan dalam jaringan
serat optik. SONET adalah
standar yang dikembangkan
oleh ANSI atau American
National Standards Institute.
SDH adalah standar ITU atau
International
Telecommunications Union.
 WDM
WDM adalah teknologi
multiplexing yang bisa
digunakan untuk
menggabungkan
beberapa sinyal optik ke
dalam sebuah kabel fiber
optic fisik menggunakan
beberapa wavelength
yang berbeda.
 SDH

WDM

Electrical Regenerator
Light Amplifier
CWDM: Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing DWDM: Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing

• Channel Spacing: (≥ 20nm) 1200-1700 nm • Channel Spacing: (0.4/0.8nm)

• Kelebihan ： lower cost 1530-1565nm
• Kekurangan ： small capacity 1565- 1625nm
short transmission distance • Kelebihan ： huge capacity
long distance
Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM)
Full optical network is the development trend of optical
transport network.
 DWDM Development Trend

200*40G

32*10G

32*2.5G

16*2.5G

8*2.5G
Fiber to the X
Fiber Optic Installation Cost
On average,  Fiber Optic Cable
installationcosts $1 to $6
per 30cm depending on the fiber
count. It’s very difficult to estimate
an exact price for an entire building
to be wired, however an example
would be $15,000 to $30,000 for a
building with 100 to 200 drops. fiber
backbone cabling is somewhat more
expensive up front than copper
cabling, but the greater capacity and
reliability of fiber can actually reduce
long-term costs.
 Subsea Cable System Cost
Two Main Factors Impacting Linear Subsea Cable System Cost :
Subsea Cable Type
The relative amount of DA or SA cable type significantly
impacts upon the linear cost of the global subsea cable system
as DA and SA cable prices are typically 3 and 2 times
larger than LW cable price, respectively.
Cable Installation Method
While the surface laying speed is in the range of 5 knots, the
cable ship has to sail with a speed of about 0.5 knot when she
tows the plow for burying the subsea cable.  The daily cost for
cable ship is almost independent on the tasks achieved.  This
means that, for a given subsea cable length, burial is about 10
times more expensive than surface laying.
 Palapa Ring Project

Mengutip situs Direktorat Jenderal Pengelolaan Pembiayaan dan Risiko

Kementerian Keuangan, Total nilai proyek Palapa Ring mencapai Rp
7,63 triliun. Secara rinci terbagi tiga, Palapa Ring Barat Rp 1,2 triliun,
Palapa Ring Tengah Rp 1,3 triliun, dan Palapa Ring Timur Rp 5,13
triliun.