Alkanes

Practice Exercises
 1. Give the IUPAC names for the following alkanes:
a) The three isomers of C5H12
ISOMER 1: CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 5 carbons = pentane
Pentane

ISOMER 2: CH3CH2CHCH3 4 carbons = butane

2-methylbutane
2 methyls at carbon 3
CH3

CH3
3 carbons = propane
ISOMER 3: H3C C CH3 2, 2-dimethylpropane
2 methyls at carbon 2
CH3
 1. Give the IUPAC names for the following alkanes:

CH3
b) CH3CH2CHCHCH3
CH2CH3

Start
counting
from here…
 1. Give the IUPAC names for the following alkanes:

CH3
b) CH3CH2CHCHCH3
CH2CH3
6 carbons = hexane

…and follow the longest chain

of carbons
 1. Give the IUPAC names for the following alkanes:

CH3 Methyl at carbon 3

b) CH3CH2CHCHCH3 Methyl at carbon 4

CH2CH3

Final answer: 3,4-dimethylhexane

 1. Give the IUPAC names for the following alkanes:

CH3 CH3
c) CH3CHCH2CHCH3

You can start …or from here

counting from since the alkane
here… is symmetrical.
 1. Give the IUPAC names for the following alkanes:

CH3 CH3
c) CH3CHCH2CHCH3 5 carbons = pentane
 1. Give the IUPAC names for the following alkanes:

CH3 CH3
c) CH3CHCH2CHCH3 5 carbons = pentane

Methyl at Methyl at
carbon 2 carbon 4

Final answer: 2,4-dimethylpentane

 1. Give the IUPAC names for the following alkanes:

CH3 CH2CH3
d) CH3 C CH2CH2CHCH3
7 carbons = heptane
CH3

Start counting
from here!
 1. Give the IUPAC names for the following alkanes:

CH3 CH2CH3
d) CH3 C CH2CH2CHCH3
7 carbons = heptane
CH3
2 methyls at Methyl at
carbon 2 carbon 5

Final answer: 2,2,5-trimethylheptane

2. Draw structures corresponding to the following IUPAC names:

a) 3,4-Dimethylnonane **nonane = 9 carbons

Means
there are
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
methyls at
carbons 3
and 4 carbon 3 carbon 4
(minus one H) (minus one H)
2. Draw structures corresponding to the following IUPAC names:

a) 3,4-Dimethylnonane

CH3
CH3CH2CHCHCH2CH2CH2CH2CH3

CH3
**Hydrogen at carbons
3 and 4 were limited to
1 so that they can bond
with the methyl
2. Draw structures corresponding to the following IUPAC names:

b) 3-Ethyl-4,4-dimethylheptane **heptane = 7 carbons

Ethyl at 2 methyls
carbon 3 at carbon 4

CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3

Minus one H Minus 2 H

2. Draw structures corresponding to the following IUPAC names:

b) 3-Ethyl-4,4-dimethylheptane

H3C CH2 CH3

CH3CH2CH C CH2CH2CH3
CH3
2. Draw structures corresponding to the following IUPAC names:

c) 2,2-Dimethyl-4-propyloctane **octane = 8 carbons

2 methyls Propyl at
at carbon 2 carbon 4

CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3

Minus two H Minus one H

2. Draw structures corresponding to the following IUPAC names:

c) 2,2-Dimethyl-4-propyloctane

CH3 CH2CH2CH3
CH3 C CH2 CH CH2CH2CH2CH3
CH3
2. Draw structures corresponding to the following IUPAC names:

d) 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane **pentane = 5 carbons

2 methyls at carbon
2, 1 methyl at
carbon 4
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3

Minus two H Minus one H

2. Draw structures corresponding to the following IUPAC names:

d) 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane

CH3 CH3
CH3 C CH2 CH CH3

CH3