Fire extinguishment

Fire Extinguishment
-- from the word extinguishment, is to stop or control of fire.

A fire extinguisher
- is an active fire protection device used to extinguish or control small fires, often in emergency
situations.

What are the different classes of fires?

 Class A –   combustible materials: caused by flammable solids, such as wood, paper, and fabric.
 Class B – flammable liquids: such as petrol, turpentine or paint
 Class C – fires fuelled by flammable gases such as propane, butane and methane
 Class D – combustible metals: chemicals such as magnesium, aluminium or potassium
 Class E- fires involving electrical apparatus
 Class F – cooking oils: typically a chip-pan fire
METHODS OF EXTINGUISHMEN

METHODS OF EXTINGUISHMENT:

1. COOLING - HEAT ABSORPTION

2. SEPARATION- THE REMOVAL OF THE FUEL.
3. SMOTHERING - BY SPELLING OXYGEN.
4. INHIBITION OR THE INTERRUPTION OF CHEMICAL REACTION

Strategies Used in Fire fighting:

5. Locate the fire

6. Confine the fire
7. Extinguish the fire
8. Exposures
Factors to Consider in Extinguishment:
1. Time
2. Weather (temperature, humidity, wind)
3. Fire (ex. Extent, Location, bldg. construction, contents involved)
4. Occupancy
5. Ventilation (used for clearing the bldg. of smoke and gases )
Types of Ventilation:
- must be worked from the top to bottom
a. Vertical
b. Cross or horizontal ventilation
- uses if gases have not reached the higher level through the opening og
windows.
c. Mechanical force ventilation
- a method whereby a device such as smoke ejector is utilized to remove
faster excessive heat and dense smoke