Introduction to Hypothesis

Testing

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 inFER
• Loida waters the plant daily. She placed the
plant in the garden with appropriate sunlight.
What do you think will happen to the plants?
• POSSIBLE INFERENCE:
• The plants will grow healthy since proper
sunlight and enough water were obtained. On
the other hand, the plants will not be grown
depending on the soil and the kind of plants.

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 inFER
• Mang Bert was accused in using illegal
drugs. What will happen with Mang Bert
next?
• POSSIBLE INFERENCE:
• Mang Bert can be prisoned if the
evidences was shown that he was part of
using illegal drugs. On the other hand, he
can be assumed innocent unless the
evidences are laid down.
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 inFER
• Is there a negative effect of absenteeism
and tardiness to the performance of
students inside the classroom?
• POSSIBLE INFERENCE:
• There could have a negative effect in the
performance of being absent and tardy. On
the other hand, there couldn’t have a
negative effect especially when the students
are potentially gifted
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 Hypothesis
• Hypothesis is a general statement
regarding certain descriptions or
conditionals about the subject under
consideration. It is an assumption, a
conjecture, or inferential statements
concerning a quantitative characteristic of
the population involved.

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 Hypothesis Testing
The hypothesis test is used to evaluate the
results from a research study in which
1. A sample is selected from the
population.
2. The treatment is administered to the
sample.
3. After treatment, the individuals in the
sample are measured.
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 Hypothesis Testing
• If the individuals in the sample are
noticeably different from the individuals in
the original population, we have evidence
that the treatment has an effect.

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 Hypothesis Testing
• Hypothesis testing is a technique to help
determine whether a specific treatment
has an effect on the individuals in a
population.

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 Forms of Hypothesis
• Statement form – the textual method of
formulating the hypothesis.
• Mathematical form where the relationship
is expressed using equality and directional
inequality such as greater than, less than
and not equal.

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Types of Hypothesis

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Directional vs Non-Directional

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Bottled Fruit Juice

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Music and Studies

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Makati vs Manila

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 Determine whether the hypothesis is null or
alternative hypothesis and identify if its
directional or not
• 1. There is significant difference between the performance of
male and female students in mathematics.
• 2. The study hours of the students increased significantly.
• 3. there is no significant decrease in the crime rates in remote
areas.
• 4. There is no significant difference in the salaries of teachers
according to rank.
• 5. the monthly rentals in Laguna and Cavite are equal.
• 6. the average score of the five basketball players are not the
same.
• 7. the introduction of new packaging significantly increased
the revenue of the company.
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 Seatwork no. 1
• Formulate the null and alternative hypothesis for the
following:
• 1. the school principal surveyed 150 teachers to find out if the
salary significantly increased over the past five years.
2. A school owner wants to find out if male students perform
better in Mathematics compared to female.
3. an economist wants to find out if there is difference in the
monthly expenses of families from Makati and Quezon City.
4. A restaurant manager owner wanted to know if there is a
relationship between gender and food preference.
5. A marketing manager wanted to determine if there is
significant difference in the weekly sales of three
representatives.

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