ACID AND BASE

GROUP 5
HADIST

Surat Az-Zumar Ayat 21

‫َم ًاء فَسلَ َكهُ يَنَابِ َيع فِي‬ ‫الس َما ِء‬َّ ‫َهَّللا أَ ْن َزل ِ َمن‬ ‫أَْلَم تَ َر أَ َّن‬
‫ي ُْخ ِر ُج بِ ِه َزرْ ًعا ُم ْختَلِفًا أَ ْل َوانُ ُه ثُ َّم يَ ِه ُيج فَتَ َر ُاه‬ ‫ض ثُ َّم‬
ِ ْ‫ر‬َ ‫اأْل‬
‫يَ ْج َعلُه ح َُطا ًما ۚ إِ َّن فِي ٰ َذلِ َك لَ ِذ ْك َرٰى أِل ُولِي‬ ‫ُم ْصفَ ًّرا ثُ َّم‬
ِ ‫اأْل َ ْلبَا‬
‫ب‬
“Do you not see that Allah sends down rain from the sky and makes it flow as springs (and rivers)
inthe earth; then He produces thereby crops of varying colors; then they dry and you see them turned
yellow; then He makes them (scattered) debris. Indeed in that is a reminder for those of
understanding.”.

Apakah kamu tidak memperhatikan, bahwa sesungguhnya Allah menurunkan air dari langit, maka
diaturnya menjadi sumber-sumber air di bumi kemudian ditumbuhkan-Nya dengan air itu tanam-
tanaman yang bermacam-macam warnanya, lalu menjadi kering lalu kamu melihatnya kekuning-
kuningan, kemudian dijadikan-Nya hancur berderai-derai. Sesungguhnya pada yang demikian itu
benar-benar terdapat pelajaran bagi orang-orang yang mempunyai akal.
OUTLINE
TERMINOLOGY

• Arhenius
• Bronsted-Lowry
• Lewis
Arhenius

ACID
• comes from Latin root ''acetum'' = vinegar
• acid is one whose molecular unit contains
at least one hydrogen atom that can ionize
• when dissolved in water producing a
hydrated hydrogen ion and an anion
HCl → H+(aq) + CL-(aq)
Arhenius

BASE
• base yields hydroxide ions when dissolved
in water
NaOH(s) → Na+(aq) + OH-(aq)

NH3 + H2O → NH4+ + OH-

BRONSTED-LOWRY

 Acid is a proton donor

 base is a proton acceptor

HCl(aq) + H2O → H3O+(aq) + Cl-(aq)

here water is reactant. the acid molecules donate proton to water molecules,
so the acid acts as a proton donor.
LEWIS

• ACID
– Electron deficient species
– Example : H+, NO2+
• BASE
– Species which contain a pair of electrons
capable of being donated to another species
– Example : Cl- , H2O , OH- , NH3
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CLASIFICATION OF ACIDS & BASE

 Strong Acid, ionized completely in water

HCl(aq) → H+(aq) + Cl-(aq)

 Weak Acid, ionized slightly in water

CH3COOH(aq) → H+(aq) + CH3COO-(aq)

CLASIFICATION OF ACID AND BASE

• Strong Base, ionized completely in water

NaOH → Na+ + OH-

• Weak Base, ionized slightly in water

NH4OH → NH4+ + OH-

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ACID AND BASE IN DAILY LIFE
• ACID BASE

SUBSTANCE USE SUBTANCE USE

ACETIC ACID Flavoring, Ammonia, NH3 Household cleaner

CH3COOH preservative

hydrochlori acid, Brick and ceramic sadium carbonate, water seftener,

(Muriatic acid), HCL tile cleaner Na2co3 greases remover

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NEUTRALIZATION

• Acid and bases react with one another to

yield 2 products water and ionic compound
known as salt

• NaOH + HCL → H2O + NaCl

• KOH + HNO3 → H2O + KNO3

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Conclusion

There are 3 teories of acid and base :

1.Arhenius
2.Bronsted lowrry
3.Lewis
There are 2 kinds of acid and base,
strong acid/ base and weak acid/ base.
Reactions between acid and base form
salt.
THANK YOU