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Current Price N Fltion Cost
Current Price N Fltion Cost
FLUCTUATION COST
'Current Price'
Current price is the market value or the price at which goods are currently being
sold in the market. Similar to market price, which is the price determined by
buyers and sellers in an open market, the current price of a security is the price at
which at a security is presently traded.
Harga semasa ialah nilai pasaran atau harga yang padanya barang kini
sedang dijual di pasaran. Sama seperti harga pasaran, iaitu harga yang
ditentukan oleh pembeli dan penjual dalam pasaran terbuka, harga
semasa adalah harga yang lebih selamat diniagakan.
Fluctuation
• Fluctuations are a way of dealing with inflation on
large projects that may last for several years.
• On smaller projects, the contractor will be considered
to have taken into account inflation when calculating
their price (a firm price).
• However, on the larger projects, the contractor may
be asked to tender based on current prices (prices at
an agreed base date)
• Then the contract makes provisions for the contractor
to be reimbursed for price changes to specified items
over the duration of the project (a fluctuating price).
Short Meaning for fluctuation
10 July 2008
Mayer Brown JSM Legal Update
1. Cost fluctuations during the project design and
tendering stage
In addition, the tender and construction documents must clearly stipulate the
price range of the construction material agreed between the parties in view of
the anticipated cost fluctuation.
Adjustment mechanisms dealing with
situations where the actual cost of the
construction material exceeds the agreed
price range should also be included
2. Cost fluctuations during the
construction stage
(b) Municipal infrastructure projects: steel, cement, concrete, timber material, sand and stone, bridge columns, expansion joints, asphalt products, drainage
pipes, pre-fabricated concrete components, etc.
(c) Civil defence projects: steel, cement,
concrete, timber material, sand and stone,
mortar, etc.
If the construction contract does not contain cost adjustment mechanisms to deal with price fluctuations, the parties shall address the price fluctuations by
entering into a supplemental agreement.
The Opinion suggests that a comparison should be made between the following cost figures:
(a) the cost of construction material and labour published by the local construction cost administration for the month when the tender price or the contractual
price was agreed; and
(b) the weighted average or the arithmetic average of the cost of construction material and labour issued by the local construction cost administration for each month during
the construction period.
The cost of construction material and labour should be adjusted if the difference between the above figures exceeds:
(a) 3% for labour cost,
(c) 8% for the cost of all the other construction material mentioned above.
Q&A
a) Explain briefly the cause of current
price is using in cost estimation [ 10
marks]
Huraikan dengan ringkas sebab harga
semasa digunakan didalam membuat
anggaran kos
To getting accuracy in cost estimation
• Easy to making reference if confusion
arise while cost estimation process
• Data cost will update from time to
time
• Saving time for the QS to obtain
material cost from supplier or etc.
b) Explain how to manage
material fluctuation cost in
construction project in order
to reduce the construction
cost.
• Identify priced in
state/country/worldwide
commodities
• Research the availability of and
demand for local materials
• Outline any special materials
required for the project, such as
marble or ceramics
• Compare similar projects and look
at your own company’s historic data
• Utilise clients’, contractors’ and sub
contractors’ databases
• Keep track of changes in real estate
demands and in construction laws
• Carry out value engineering during
the design stage
• Improve and implement construction-
quality programmes
Contract methods should promote
flexibility and change
• Decisions should start on day one of
the project