Poetry

FOCUS: What is poetry?

• Discuss with your groups:
– What is rhyme? Explain the types of
rhymes!
– What is rhythm?
– Mention kinds of poetic feet!
– Mention the names of lines in poetry!
 RHYME:

Rhyme, is the repetition of sounds as they

heard in a stanza and consist of the last
stresses vowel and of all the speech
sounds following the vowel.
 RHYME:
Example:

If all be true that I do think, (a)

There are five reasons we should drink, (a)
Good wine, a friend, or being dry, (b)
Or lest we should be by and by (b)
Or any reason why (b)
Types of rhymes:
 Internal rhyme
Within a stanza line.

Example:
The splendour falls on castle walls
And snowy summits old in story
The long light shakes across the lakes
And the wild cataract leaps in glory
Perfect rhyme/ exact rhyme
A perfect rhyme is a case in which
two words rhyme in such a way that
their final stressed vowel and all
following sounds are identical

e.g. sight and light, right and might,

rose and dose etc..
 Half rhyme/ approximate
rhyme
the final consonant sounds of rhyming
words are identical

Example:
I believe a little incompatibility is
The spice of life, particularly if he has
Income and she is pattable
 Masculine rhyme
The final syllables of the rhyming words
are stressed.

Example:
• Two roads diverged in a yellow
wood,         
• And sorry I could not travel both
• And be one traveler, long I stood
• And looked down one as far as I could
 Feminine rhyme
the rhyming of stressed syllables is followed by
unstressed syllables.

Example:
A woman's face with Nature's own hand painted
Hast thou, the master-mistress of my passion;
A woman's gentle heart, but not acquainted
With shifting change, as is false women's
fashion;
 Visual rhyme
spelling is similar but pronounced
differently

Example:
With sloping masts and dipping prow,
As who pursued with yell and blow
Still treads the shadow of his foe..
 Rhythm
• Rhythm is a recognizable though variable pattern in the
beat of the stresses of sound.

• Example: Accented/ Unaccented/

unstressed
stressed

Learned until flattery forceps alabaster

 Feet: Combination of stressed and
unstressed syllable which
constitutes the recurrent rhythmic
unit of line.
• Iambic Unaccented-Accented
• Trochaic Accented-Unaccented
• Dactylic Accented-Unaccented-
Unaccented
• Anapestic Unaccented-
Unaccented-Accented
• Spondaic Accented-Accented
• Phyrrhic Unaccented-Unaccented
 Line

Iambic: with loads of learned lumber in his

head

Trochaic: pleasant was the landscape

Dactylic: one more unfortunate

Anapestic: with his nostrils like pits full of

blood to the brim

 IAMBIC
• EXAMPLES:
• – repose (re-POSE)
• – belief (be-LIEF)
• – complete (com-PLETE)
 TROCHAIC
• EXAMPLES:
• – garland (GAR-land)
• – speaking (SPEAK-ing)
• – value (VAL-ue)
 ANAPESTIC
• EXAMPLE:
• On the Road (on-the-ROAD)
• Interrupt (in-ter-RUPT)
• Contradict (con-tra-DICT)
 DACTYLIC
• EXAMPLE:
• Happiness (HAP-pi-ness)
• Fortunate (FOR-tu-nate)
• Rhapsody (RHAP-so-dy)
 Monometer : one foot
 Dimeter : two feet
 Trimeter : three feet
 Tetrameter : four feet
 Pentameter : five feet
 Hexameter : six feet
 Heptameter : seven feet
 Octameter : eight feet
 Stanza
• In poetry, a stanza is a division of four or
more lines having a fixed length, rhyming
scheme.
• Stanzas in poetry are similar to
paragraphs in prose.
 Kinds of Stanza forms
• Couplet (2 lines)
• Triplet/ tercet (3 lines)
• Quatrain (4 lines)
• Quintet (5 lines)
• Sestet (6 lines)
• Septet (7 lines)
• Octave (8 lines)
• Sonnet (14 lines)
 Example
• “True wit is nature to advantage dress’d;
What oft was thought, but ne’er so well
express’d.”
 Example
• “My mother´s maids, when they did sew
and spin,
They sang sometimes a song of the field
mouse,
That for because their livelihood was but
so thin.
 Example
• He gives his harness bells a shake
To ask if there’s some mistake.
The only other sound’s the sweep
Of easy wind and downy flake.
 Example
• “Listen…
With faint dry sound,
Like steps of passing ghosts,
The leaves, frost-crisp’d, break from the
trees
And fall.”
 Example
• So answerest thou; but why not rather
say:
“Hath man no second life? – Pitch this one
high!
Sits there no judge in Heaven, our sin to
see? –
More strictly, then, the inward judge
obey!
Was Christ a man like us? Ah! Let us try
If we then, too, can be such men as he!”