Task-based

Language Learning

1
• As teachers we always complain about our
students do not speak in English in our
classroom. They might feel threaten or shy;
but the fact is, few of them actually dare.
• The Task-Based Learning (TBL) helps students
to have a meaningful experience with the
language and give them context and the result
is motivation.

2
What is task?

3
 A task is any activity that learners engage
in to process of learning a language.
(Williams and Burden, 1997:168)

4
 A task is a range of learning activities from the
simple and brief exercises to more complex and
lengthy activities such as group problem-solving or
simulations and decision-making.

(Breen, 1987:23)

5
 An activity which required learners to
at an arrive
outcome from given through
information some process of
thought to control
teachers andwhich allowed
and regulate that process
was regarded as a task.
(Prabhu , 1987:24)

6
What is Task Based Learning?

7
TBL is a teaching approach which focuses
on the student by asking to do meaningful
activities or task.

These task can be daily routines like buying

a cup of coffee, going to the doctor, or talking
to someone on the phone

(Lightbrown and Spada, 1999)

8
 Instead of a language structure or function to be
learnt, students are presented with a task they have to
perform or a problem they have to solve.
(Harmer, J. The practice of English Language Teaching, 2007:71)

9
Why do we use a task-
based approach?

10
11
• to give learners confidence in trying out whatever language
they know,
• to give learners experience of spontaneous interaction,
• to give learners the chance to benefit from noticing how
others express similar meanings,
• to give learners chances for negotiating turns to speak,

(Willis, 1996: 35–

6)
12
Teacher Roles
1. Selector and sequencer of tasks
2. Preparing learners for tasks
3. Consciousness-raising

Learner Roles
4. Group Participant
5. Monitor
6. Risk-taker and innovator

13
1. Jigsaw Tasks
2. Information-gap Tasks
3. Problem-solving Tasks
4. Decision-making Tasks
5. Opinion exchange Tasks

14
-Books
-Newspaper
-Magazine
-Radio programs
-CDs
-TV
-Internet
-Board
-Worksheets

15
 PROCEDURE

Pre-task

Task Cycle

Post-task

16
 Introduction to topic and task: Teacher explores the topic with the class,
Pre-task
highlights useful words and phrases, helps students understand task
instructions and prepare.

Task: Students do the task, in pairs or small groups. Teacher monitors.

Planning: Students prepare to report to the whole class( orally or in writing)
Task Cycle how they did the task, what they decided or discovered.
Report: Some groups present their reports to the class, or exchange written
reports and compare results. (Students receive feedback on their level of
success on completing the task).

Analysis: Students examine and discuss specific features of the text or

Language transcript of the recording.
Focus Practice: Teacher conducts practice or new words, phrases and
patterns
occurring in the data, either during or after the analysis. (Willis
17
1996: 38)
Fill in this chart about your classmates’ preferences
Name Favorite male Favorite Favorite TV Favorite TV Favorite place
singer female singer actor or series in Bali
actress

18
 As the tasks are likely to be familiar to the
students (eg: visiting the doctor), students are
more likely to be engaged, which may further
motivate them in their learning.

• It is more student-centered

• Allows more meaningful communication

19
• TBLT allows meaningful communication.

•Students will be exposed to a whole range of lexical

phrases, collocations and patterns as well as language
forms.

• Encourages students to be more ambitious in the

language they use.

•The psychological dynamics of the group which works

together to complete a task will have a great influence
on the success.
20
Students will stay within the narrow confines of
familiar words and forms.

Some students can "hide" and rely on others to

do the bulk of the work and learning.

Difficulty of implementing task-based teaching

where classes are large and space limited
and/or inflexible.

21
 CONCLUSION

It may help to encourage students to use the

target language actively and meaningfully.

But still, many aspects of TBL have to be justified

such as task type, task sequencing and evaluation of
task performance.

22