CHAPTER 5

SOCIAL
ORGANIZATION/
SOCIAL INSTITUTION
 SOCIETY - is a social
system that is composed of
people assigned to perform
a definite task and function
in a social system called
social institution
 As Joan Baez sang in
“NO MAN IS ISLAND”
man has a societal
personality, he cannot
stand or live alone.
 There are three requirements for a
group.

 There must be two or more people.

 There must be interaction.

 The members of the group must be

together physically.
 THE CONCEPT OF GROUP IS ONE OF
THE IMPORTANT CONCERNS OF
SOCIOLOGICAL INQUIRY. TO STUDY
SOCIAL BEHAVIOR, ONE HAS TO
STUDY THE MOST COMMON AND
MOST FAMILIAR OF SOCIAL UNITS
WHICH IS THE GROUP. MANY
SOCIOLOGISTS CLAIM THAT SOCIAL
INTERACTION OR INTERPERSONAL
BEHAVIOR OF GROUP MEMBERS IS
AN IMPORTANT CRITERION IN THE
CONCEPT.
 Members of a group interact
repeatedly and take each other
into account by their norms.
Once the interact with one
another, their interaction become
patterned.
 AGGREGATES – Occasionally , we
see a number of persons who come
together without interacting with
each other, like people waiting for a
jeep or bus to come, people inside a
movie house or people riding in a
LRT/MRT train.
 SOCIAL CATEGORY – is an
agglomeration where members
possess common identifying
status characteristics but do not
interact socially.
 FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE GROUPS

- We live in groups and create groups to

meet our certain social needs. Our
experiences influence us to form groups
with or without cognizant planning. People
who share common experiences and who
have common cultural interests and
objective have a tendency to interact and
form groups in order to satisfy their
affective or economic needs.
 Motivational base shared by
individuals.
- People find themselves together in a
related social situation that may have
motivational implications for the
development of groups.
 Type of group goals
 It is frequently understood that the structural
patterns of social groups are affected their goals.
A group will determine or develop structural
forms that will facilitate the progress of the
achievement of each goal and block structural
forms that will hinder the pursuit of its goals.
 A. old centralized bureaucratic structure with the
national government executive exercising control
over the local units.
 B. the other structure is one where local units have
autonomy in some aspects of governance and just
coordinate in other matters with the national
government.
 SOCIAL ORGANIZATION
- is a concept that social scientist have
developed for the scientific study of society,
culture, and personality. The concept
organization was used by sociologists in two
different ways.
FIRST, to stand for a relationship among
people and
SECOND as a type of particular social system
called formal organization
- Social organization is a process of bringing
order and significance into human social life.
 SOCIAL STRUCTURE
Just like any other object, a house has
a structure. Social organization also
have one despite the fact that it cannot
be observed directly. Social structure is
an abstraction and cannot be seen but
has to inferred from the observation of
human behavior.
 SOCIAL FUNCTION
Social organization has a component
know as social function. It refers to the
results of action that occur in relation
to a particular structure and includes
the results of the activities of
individuals occupying particular
statuses.
 TYPES OF SOCIAL GROUPS
primary and secondary groups, the in
group and out group. GEMEINSCHAFT
and GESSELLCHAFT
; GEMEINSCHAFT (close communal
relationships or community.
; GESSELLCHAFT (organized impersonal
relationship or society.)
 GEMEINSCHAFT
- is a community of individuals with
close personal and family ties. It is based on
what toennies calls “natural will” of the
members where the relate to one another as
total personalities.
 GESSELLCHAFT

- is “public life” or the world itself. This

type of group is characterized by
impersonal secondary contractual and
rationalized relationships.
 IN GROUPS AND OUT GROUPS
Groups may be classified as in – group and
out – group when taking into consideration
the individual’s sense of belongingness in a
group. These two groups are not actually
groups but a variety of relationship that
exist in the mind as a person who learns to
use the pronouns “we” referring to the in –
group and “they” referring to the out
group.