HPNMS101 Basic Principle of Network Management (G03011185 - OTHZH A)

Basic Principles of N
etwork Management
www.huawei.com
Copyright © 2018 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Foreword
 Network management including the use of hardware, sof
tware and manpower, and coordination, monitoring, tes
ting, configuration, analysis, evaluation and control
to network resources, so you can meet the needs of th
e network at a reasonable price, such as real-time pe
rformance and quality of service.
 This course introduces the basic principles of networ
k management.
Copyright © 2018 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 3
Objectives
 On completion of this course, you will be able to:
 Describe the basic concepts of network management
 Describe the network management functions
 Describe the network management component
Contents
1. The basic concepts of network management
2. Network management functions
3. Network management component
The Objectives of Network Management
 Network management should be:
 Ensure that the network user receives the desired netwo
rk service quality and technical service information.
 Enable the deployment, operation and maintenance of net
works and network services quickly according to the net
work planning.
 Help network engineers faced with a complex network dat
a and to ensure that data can quickly complete presente
d to the user.
The environment of network management
Network transmission and
network technology
Growth rate
Network maintenance resources

(Support staff and maintenance
costs)
Time
 Growth rate network is proportional to the time, this is t
he functional requirements of network management.
 Network management requires not only of the basis of netwo
rk management, network business management.
Contents
Network management functions
 ISO definition of five network management functional
domains (referred to as the FCAPS), basically coverin
g the entire range network management:
 Fault Management
 Configuration Management
 Accounting Management
 Performance Management
 Security Management
Fault Management
 Fault management of the four main activities:
Equipment Fault
 Fault Detection
 Fault Diagnosis
 Fault Repair
 Fault History Link Fault
Configuration Management
 Configuration management is resp Version of the software
Rate
onsible for monitoring the netwo Configuration file Duplex mode
Device type Connectivity
rk configuration information, ne
twork managers can generate, que
ry and modify the operating para
meters and conditions of the har
dware / software, and related bu
siness configuration.
Port aggregation
VLAN
STP
Accounting Management
 Accounting management: record the user to use network reso
urces, and nuclear charges, but also statistical utilizati
on of the network.
…
 Main features are:
 Collection of accounting records
 Calculate the user billing
 Distribution network operating costs
 Network operating budget Bandwidth traffic
Application requests
Performance Management
Utilization
 Performance Management includes the f
Threshold value / maximum / minimum
ollowing features: Error rate
Unicast rate
 The choice of test objects and methods Broadcast Rate
.
 Collection and analysis of statistical
data.
 Provide valuable network performance r
eport.
 Be adjusted according to the data on t
he network to control the network perf Forwarding rate
ormance. Response time
CPU utilization Delay
Memory usage Availability
Reliability
Security Management
 The network security divided into two levels:
MAC address
 Network Security: Interface Lock
 Malicious attacks
 Privacy Protection
 Network Management Security:
 User authority management
 User login management
 Log Management
Access control
Blocking the connection
The benefits of network management
 Network management is often defined in accordance wit
h its own objectives, such as ensuring network usabil
ity, ease of day-to-day operations and minimizing tec
hnology complexity.
 Network management is necessity network maintenance a
nd network upgrades.
 A mature network management strategy will reduce netw
ork outages and enhance user productivity.
Contents
 Management Information Base (MIB)
 Structure of Management Information (SMI)
 Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
 Telnet Configuration
Network management
Disk Full
VRP5.3
90% % Bandwidth utilization
VRP5.5
Gateway Down
 Network is a very complex distributed systems.

 There are many network elements , running multiple protocols, and
these nodes are still communicate with each other and exchange in
formation. The state of the network are constantly changing, we m
ust use the network to manage the network. We need to have a prot
ocol to read the status information on these nodes, and sometimes
some of the new state information is written to these nodes.
A few basic concepts
 Manager : network management station.
 Agent: Managed network elements (also called the managed device)
. Managed device-side and management-related software called agen
t or proxy process.
 Communication between the manager and the agent process in two wa
ys:
 The manager request agent, ask a specific parameter values.
 Agency initiative to report the manager there some important events o
ccur.
 Of course, It can also change agent values.
Management Information Base (MIB)
SNMP
SNMP Iso (1)
AGENT
AGENT
org (3)
dod (6)
internet (1)
OID for the mgmt (2) experimental (3)

directory (1) private (4)
System is
1.3.6.1.2.1.1 mib-2 (1) enterprise (1)
system (1) tcp (6) proteon (1) SUN (42)
interfaces (2) udp (7) IBM (2) apple (63)
address (3) egp (8) cisco (9) microsoft(311)

translation
cmot (9) HP (11)
..
ip (4) .
transmission (10) Huawei (2011) unassigned
icmp (5) (9118)
IAB Manage snmp (11) Enterprise MIB
Huawei MIB
iso (1)
org (3)
dod (6)
internet (1)
private (4)
enterprise (1)
Huawei (2011) hwlocal
hwProducts(2)
huawei
x
huaweiMgmt(5)
..
.
huaweiUtility
Huawei MIB
Contents
 Management Information Base (MIB)
 Structure of Management Information (SMI)
Management information structure (SMI)
 Structure and representation of the MIB a common set
of symbols, called Structure of Management Informatio
n(SMI). This is defined in RFC1155 [Rose and McCloghr
ie1990]. For example: the SMI definition of the count
er is a non-negative integer count range is 0 to 4 29
4 967 295, when the maximum is reached, again startin
g at 0 counting.
Contents
 Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
Simple management protocol (SNMP)
 SNMP structure includes the Network Management Station(NM
S) and the Agent. SNMP is an application layer protocol w
hich is to transfer management information between NMS and
Agent.
Managed system
1
Perform MIB
operations 1 2
SNMP
Agent notify 1 2
NMS Managed
1 2
Object
5 6
Versions of SNMP
 SNMPv1: Simple, weak security, can not communicate be
tween manager.
 SNMPv2c: A certain degree of security, can communicat
e between managers. VLAN Switch management. The most
widely used.
 SNMPv3: Definition of a management framework, introd
uced the User Security Model user's security model(US
M ), provide users with a secure access mechanism.
SNMP Protocol Data Unit (PDU)
 Packet Structure
Version Community SNMP PDU
GET-REQUEST Get value from variable(NMS sent)

GET-NEXT Get next value from table(NMS sent)
REQUEST Response to get action(Agent sent)
GET-RESPONSE Set value to a specific variable(NMS sent)
SET-REQUEST Report alarm information(Agent sent)
TRAP
SNMP Interaction (1)
 Message exchange process
Get Request
NMS Response Agent

Get Next Request
Response
Set Request
Response
UDP Port 162 UDP Port 161
Trap
SNMP Interaction (2)
 Message exchange process (example)
PSTN
ISDN
1.  Get the total number of interface from device.

SNMP Get-Request:1.3.6.1.2.1.2.1.0
 Answer is two interfaces.
2.
SNMP Get-Response: 2  Take the first, return the rate of the interface.
3.  Answer is 10000000 bps.
SNMP Get-Request:1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.5.1
4.  Take the second, return the rate of the
SNMP Get-Response: 10000000 interface.
5.
SNMP Get-Next-Request:1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.5.1  Answer is 56000 bps.
6.
SNMP Get-Response: 56000
SNMP Configuration Procedure on Route
r
Start
Set parameters for sending trap messages

Configure device to communicate with NMS properly
Enable SNMP Agent function Specify destination host for receiving trap
messages and error codes
Set SNMP Version
Configure the equipment administrators

Set SNMP community name contact information or location
End
Mandatory Optional
SNMP configuration on Router
G0/0/0
Router
172.16.50.253
[Router]snmp-agent
[Router]snmp-agent sys-info version v2c
[Router]snmp-agent community read public mib-view iso-view
[Router]snmp-agent community write private mib-view iso-view
[Router]snmp-agent mib-view iso-view include iso
[Router]snmp-agent target-host trap-paramsname trapnms v2c
securityname adminnms
[Router]snmp-agent target-host trap-hostname nms address
172.16.50.253 trap-paramsname trapnms
[Router]snmp-agent trap enable
[Router]snmp-agent trap source GigabitEthernet0/0/0
SNMP Configuration Procedure on Switch
Start
Configure device to communicate with NMS properly Set SNMP community name
Enable SNMP Agent function Specify destination host for receiving trap
messages and error codes
Change the listening port number of the SNMP

agent Configure the equipment administrators
contact information or location
Set SNMP Version
Set the maximum size of SNMP messages
End
Mandatory Optional
SNMP Configuration on Switch
G0/0/0
Switch
172.16.50.253
[Switch]snmp-agent
[Switch]snmp-agent sys-info version v2c
[Switch]snmp-agent community read Public mib-view iso-view
[Switch]snmp-agent community write Private mib-view iso-view
[Switch]snmp-agent mib-view included iso-view iso
[Switch]snmp-agent target-host trap address udp-domain
172.16.50.253 params securityname adminnms v2c
[Switch]snmp-agent trap enable
[Switch]snmp-agent trap source GigabitEthernet0/0/0
Contents
 Telnet Configuration
SNMP Configuration Difference betw
een Router and Switch
 Create MIB View
 Router
[Router]snmp-agent mib-view iso-view include iso
 Switch
[Switch] snmp-agent mib-view included iso-view iso
 Set parameters and specify destination host for trap

 Router
[Router] snmp-agent target-host trap-paramsname
trapnms v2c securityname adminnms
[Router] snmp-agent target-host trap-hostname nms
address 172.16.50.253 trap-paramsname trapnms
 Switch
[Switch] snmp-agent target-host trap address udp-
domain 172.16.50.253 params securityname adminnms v2c
Basic Commands - Configuring Telne
t Password
 Configuring users to login the device through Telnet,
using password authentication.
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]user-interface vty 0 4
[Huawei-ui-vty0-4]protocol inbound telnet
[Huawei-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode password
[Huawei-ui-vty0-4]set authentication password cipher
Enter Password(<8-128>):(Enter the login password)
Confirm password:(Re-enter the login password to
confirm)
[Huawei-ui-vty0-4]user privilege level 15
[Huawei-ui-vty0-4]
Basic Commands - Configuring Telne
t Users and Password
 Configuring users to login the device through Telnet,
using User + password authentication.
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]user-interface vty 0 4
[Huawei-ui-vty0-4]protocol inbound telnet
[Huawei-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa
[Huawei-ui-vty0-4]quit
[Huawei]aaa
[Huawei-aaa]local-user user1 password cipher huawei@123
Info: Add a new user.
[Huawei-aaa]local-user user1 service-type telnet
[Huawei-aaa]local-user user1 privilege level 3
[Huawei-aaa]quit
Basic Commands - Telnet from a PC
 Telnet from Windows:
Login authentication
Password:(Enter the password configured in VTY view)

Info: The max number of VTY users is 20, and the number
of current VTY users on line is 1.
<Huawei>
Basic Commands - Configuring STeln
et Login (1)
 Generate a local key pair for the SSH server.
<HUAWEI>system-view
[HUAWEI]sysname SSH_Server
[SSH_Server]dsa local-key-pair create
Info: The key name will be: HUAWEI_Host_DSA.
Info: The key modulus can be any one of the following : 1024,
2048.
Info: If the key modulus is greater than 512, it may take a few
minutes.
Please input the modulus [default=2048]:
Info: Generating keys...
Info: Succeeded in creating the DSA host keys.
 Create an SSH user on the server. Configure the VTY user i

nterface.
[SSH_Server]user-interface vty 0 14
[SSH_Server-ui-vty0-14]authentication-mode aaa
[SSH_Server-ui-vty0-14]protocol inbound ssh
[SSH_Server-ui-vty0-14]quit
Basic Commands - Configuring STeln
et Login (2)
 Create SSH user client001 and set the authentication mode
to password authentication.
[SSH_Server]aaa
[SSH_Server-aaa]local-user client001 password
irreversible-cipher Huawei@123
[SSH_Server-aaa]local-user client001 privilege level 3
[SSH_Server-aaa]local-user client001 service-type ssh
[SSH_Server-aaa]quit
[SSH_Server]ssh user client001 authentication-type
password
 Enable the STelnet service on the SSH server. Set the serv
ice type of client001 to STelnet on the SSH server.
[SSH_Server]stelnet server enable
[SSH_Server]ssh user client001 service-type stelnet
Basic Commands - sTelnet from a PC
1. Log in to the device using PuTTY, 2. Click Open. In the displayed page,
enter the device's IP address, and select enter the user name and password and
the SSH protocol. press Enter to log in to the SSH server.
login as: client001

Sent username "client001"
client001@10.137.217.203's
password:
Info: The max number of

VTY users is 8, and the
number of current VTY
users on line is 5.
The current login time is
2016-11-06 09:35:28+00:00.
<SSH_Server>
Quiz
1. Which SNMP basic operation below is sent by NMS ？
A. get-request
B. get-next-request
C. set-request
D. get-response
Summary
 The basic concepts of network management
 Network management functions
 Network management component
Thank You
www.huawei.com

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Basic Principles of N

Copyright © 2018 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Network maintenance resources

 Network is a very complex distributed systems.

OID for the mgmt (2) experimental (3)

system (1) tcp (6) proteon (1) SUN (42)

interfaces (2) udp (7) IBM (2) apple (63)

address (3) egp (8) cisco (9) microsoft(311)

IAB Manage snmp (11) Enterprise MIB

Huawei (2011) hwlocal

GET-REQUEST Get value from variable(NMS sent)

NMS Response Agent

1.  Get the total number of interface from device.

Set parameters for sending trap messages

Set SNMP Version

Configure the equipment administrators

Change the listening port number of the SNMP

Set the maximum size of SNMP messages

 Set parameters and specify destination host for trap

Password:(Enter the password configured in VTY view)

 Create an SSH user on the server. Configure the VTY user i

login as: client001

Info: The max number of

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