Statistics and

Probability
Quarter 3
Variance and Standard
Deviation of the Discrete
Random Variable
Lesson 5: Variance
Random Variable
and Standard
 Variance and Standard Deviation of the Discrete

Deviation of the Discrete Random

The variance and standard deviation are two values that describe how
Variable
scattered or spread out the scores are from the mean value of the
random variable.
The variance, denoted as σ2, is determined using the formula:
σ2 = ∑(𝑥 − µ)2 * p(x)
The standard deviation σ is the square root of the variance, thus,
σ = √ ∑(𝑥 − µ)² * 𝑝(𝑥)
Where: σ2 - variance σ – standard deviation
µ - mean p(x) – probability of the outcome
  Let’s have an example:
1. The number of cars sold per day at a local car dealership, along with
its corresponding probabilities, is shown in the succeeding table.
Compute the variance and the standard deviation of the probability
distribution.
Number of Cars Sold X Probability P(x)
0 10%
1 20%
2 30%
3 20%
4 20%
  Let’s have an example:
1. The number of cars sold per day at a local car
dealership, along with its corresponding probabilities, is STEPS IN FINDING THE VARIANCE AND
shown in the succeeding table. Compute the variance and STANDARD DEVIATION
the standard deviation of the probability distribution.
Number of Cars Sold X
0
Probability P(x)
10% 1. Find the mean of the probability distribution.
1
2
20%
30% 2. Subtract the mean from each value of the
3
4
20%
20% random variable X.
3. Square the result obtained in Step 2.
4. Multiply the results obtained in Step 3 by the
corresponding probability.
5. Get the sum of the results obtained in Step 4.
Results obtained is the value of the variance of
probability distribution.
  Let’s have an example:
1. The number of cars sold per day at a local car
dealership, along with its corresponding probabilities, is 1. Find the mean of the probability
shown in the succeeding table. Compute the variance and distribution using the formula:
the standard deviation of the probability distribution. µ = ∑ 𝑋𝑃(𝑥)
Number of Cars Sold X Probability P(x)
0 10%
1 20%
2 30%
3 20%
4 20%

STEPS IN FINDING THE VARIANCE AND STANDARD DEVIATION

1. Find the mean of the probability distribution.
2. Subtract the mean from each value of the random
variable X.
3. Square the result obtained in Step 2.
4. Multiply the results obtained in Step 3 by the
corresponding probability.
5. Get the sum of the results obtained in Step 4.
Results obtained is the value of the variance of
probability distribution.
  Let’s have an example:
1. The number of cars sold per day at a local car
dealership, along with its corresponding probabilities, is 2. Subtract the mean from each value of
shown in the succeeding table. Compute the variance and the random variable X.
the standard deviation of the probability distribution.
Number of Cars Sold X Probability P(x)
0 10%
1 20%
2 30%
3 20%
4 20%

STEPS IN FINDING THE VARIANCE AND STANDARD DEVIATION

1. Find the mean of the probability distribution.
2. Subtract the mean from each value of the random
variable X.
3. Square the result obtained in Step 2.
4. Multiply the results obtained in Step 3 by the
corresponding probability.
5. Get the sum of the results obtained in Step 4.
Results obtained is the value of the variance of
probability distribution.
  Let’s have an example:
1. The number of cars sold per day at a local car
dealership, along with its corresponding probabilities, is 3. Square the results obtained in Step 2.
shown in the succeeding table. Compute the variance and
the standard deviation of the probability distribution.
Number of Cars Sold X Probability P(x)
0 10%
1 20%
2 30%
3 20%
4 20%

STEPS IN FINDING THE VARIANCE AND STANDARD DEVIATION

1. Find the mean of the probability distribution. (-2.2) * (-2.2) = 4.84
2. Subtract the mean from each value of the random
variable X.
3. Square the result obtained in Step 2.
4. Multiply the results obtained in Step 3 by the
corresponding probability.
5. Get the sum of the results obtained in Step 4.
Results obtained is the value of the variance of
probability distribution.
  Let’s have an example:
1. The number of cars sold per day at a local car
dealership, along with its corresponding probabilities, is 4. Multiply the results obtained in Step 3 by
shown in the succeeding table. Compute the variance and the corresponding probability.
the standard deviation of the probability distribution.
Number of Cars Sold X Probability P(x)
0 10%
1 20%
2 30%
3 20%
4 20%

STEPS IN FINDING THE VARIANCE AND STANDARD DEVIATION

1. Find the mean of the probability distribution.
2. Subtract the mean from each value of the random
variable X.
3. Square the result obtained in Step 2.
4. Multiply the results obtained in Step 3 by the
corresponding probability.
5. Get the sum of the results obtained in Step 4.
Results obtained is the value of the variance of
probability distribution.
  Let’s have an example:
1. The number of cars sold per day at a local car
dealership, along with its corresponding probabilities, is 5. Get the sum of the results obtained in
shown in the succeeding table. Compute the variance and Step 4. The result is the value of the
the standard deviation of the probability distribution. variance. So, the formula is:
Number of Cars Sold X Probability P(x) σ2 = ∑(𝑥 − µ)2p(x)
0 10%
1 20%
2 30%
3 20%
4 20%

STEPS IN FINDING THE VARIANCE AND STANDARD DEVIATION

1. Find the mean of the probability distribution.
2. Subtract the mean from each value of the random
variable X.
3. Square the result obtained in Step 2.
4. Multiply the results obtained in Step 3 by the
corresponding probability.
5. Get the sum of the results obtained in Step 4.
Results obtained is the value of the variance of
probability distribution.
  Let’s have an example:
1. The number of cars sold per day at a local car
dealership, along with its corresponding probabilities, is
shown in the succeeding table. Compute the variance and
To Solve for Standard Deviation:
the standard deviation of the probability distribution.
Number of Cars Sold X Probability P(x)
Get the square root of
the variance, σ2
0 10%
1 20%
2 30%
3 20%
4 20%

standard deviation, σ = 1.25

So, the variance of the number of cars sold per day is 1.56
and the standard deviation is 1.25.