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1.0 Axial Forces: 2.0 Bending of Beams
1.0 Axial Forces: 2.0 Bending of Beams
1.0 Axial Forces: 2.0 Bending of Beams
0 Axial Forces
2.0 Bending of Beams
Now we consider the elastic deformation of beams (bars) under
bending loads.
M M
www.engineering.auckland.ac.nz/mechanical/MechEng242
MECHENG242 Mechanics of Materials Bending of Beams
Application to a Bar
Normal Force:
Fn Fn
Shear Force:
Ft Ft
Mn
Mn
MECHENG242 Mechanics of Materials Bending of Beams
Examples of Devices under Bending Loading:
Excavator
Atrium
Yacht
Structure
Car Chassis
P2
2.4 Deflections in Beams (Refer: B,C & A –Sec’s 7.1-7.4)
3m 3m Q
(SFD)
0
M (BMD)
0
MECHENG242 Mechanics of Materials Bending of Beams
Consider the simply supported beam below:
(Refer: B, C&A – Sections 1.14, 1.15, 1.16, 6.1)
y Radius of Curvature, R
x P
Deflected
A B Shape
Mxz Mxz
RAy RBy
Mxz Mxz
What stresses are
generated within, due to
bending?
MECHENG242 Mechanics of Materials Bending of Beams
P
W A B
u
Mxz Mxz
RAy RBy
Load Bending
(W) Moment
(Mxz)
x (Tension)
x DEPENDS ON:
(i) Bending Moment, Mxz
(ii) Geometry of Cross-section
MECHENG242 Mechanics of Materials Bending of Beams
Sign Conventions: Qxy=Shear Force
y
Mxz=Bending Moment
x
Mxz Mxz -ve x
+VE (POSITIVE)
Mxz=P.L
A B x
L
RAy=P
P.L Mxz
Qxy P
P x
Mxz
Mxz Mxz Qxy
Qxy Qxy F 0 ;
y Q xy P
P Shear Force
+ve Diagram
Qxy 0 (SFD)
Bending
Mxz 0 Moment
-ve
Diagram
-P.L (BMD)
To find x and deflections, need to know Mxz.
MECHENG242 Mechanics of Materials Bending of Beams
Example 2: Macaulay’s Notation P y
a b
A C B x
P b
R Ay Pa
a b R By
x a b
P
a
P b A Mxz
a b Qxy
Pb
M 0 ; Mxz P x a x 0
z
a b
Pb
Mxz x P x a
a b
Where x a can only be +VE or ZERO.
MECHENG242 Mechanics of Materials Bending of Beams
P y
a b
A C B x
Pb Pa
a b x a b
Pb
(i) When x a : Mxz x P x a 1
a b 0
Pb
(ii) When x a : Mxz x P x a 2
a b
Mxz
BMD: Eq. 1
Pab
Eq. 2
a b
+ve
0 A C B
MECHENG242 Mechanics of Materials Bending of Beams
Example 3: Distributed Load Distributed Load w
per unit length
y
wL2
Mxz= A B
x 2
L
RAy=wL x
wL2
wx Mxz
2
Qxy
wL
Mxz
Qxy
F 0 ;
y wL wx Q xy 0 Q xy w L x
wL2 x
M 0 ;
z Mxz wL x wx 0
2
MECHENG242 Mechanics of Materials
2 Bending of Beams
wx 2 wL2
Q xy w L x Mxz wLx
2 2
Mxz
L
BMD: 0
-ve
x
-wL2
2
wL2
@ x 0; Mxz
2
@ x L; Mxz 0
L wL2
@x ; Mxz
MECHENG242 Mechanics of Materials
2 8 Bending of Beams
Summary – Is anything Necessary for Revision
Generating Bending Moment Diagrams is a key skill you must revise.
From these we will determine:
Apart from the revision problems on Sheet 4, you might try these
sources: