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Burton's Microbiology For The Health Sciences: Specific Host Defense Mechanisms: An Introduction To Immunology
Burton's Microbiology For The Health Sciences: Specific Host Defense Mechanisms: An Introduction To Immunology
Burton's Microbiology For The Health Sciences: Specific Host Defense Mechanisms: An Introduction To Immunology
• Introduction
• The Key to Understanding Immunology
• Primary Functions of the Immune System
• Major Arms of the Immune System
• Immunity
• Cells of the Immune System
• Where do Immune Responses Occur?
• Humoral Immunity
• Cell-Mediated Immunity
• Hypersensitivity and Hypersensitivity Reactions
• Autoimmune Diseases
• Immunosuppression
• Immunosuppression
• The Immunology Laboratory
• Antigens
– Foreign organic substances that are large enough to
stimulate the production of antibodies
– Substances capable of stimulating antibodies are said
to be antigenic
– A bacterial cell has many molecules (antigenic
determinants) on its surface that are capable of
stimulating the production of antibodies
• Antibodies, cont.
– The processing of either T-dependent or T-
independent antigens results in B cells developing
into plasma cells, which are capable of secreting
antibodies.
– The initial immune response to an antigen is called
the primary response; it takes 10-14 days for
antibodies to be produced.
– The increased production of antibodies following the
second exposure to a particular antigen is called the
secondary response.
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Humoral Immunity, cont.
– anaphylactic shock
Transmission
electron
micrograph
showing
phagocytosis of
rat mast cell
granules by a rat
eosinophil
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Type I Hypersensitivity Reactions, cont.