Science and Technology and

Nation Building

Science and Technology: Moving
the Philippines
Forward
The State of Science and Technol
ogy in the Philippines

 Role of S&T in Nation Building

Brief Historical Background of Science and Technology in the
Philippines
 Pre-Colonial Period
 Indigenous science and technology already existed
 Farming, animal raising, and the utilization of plants and herbs as
medicines
 Handicrafts, pottery, weaving and tools used by ancient Filipinos
Colonial Period
 Paved way to the modern means of construction
 Roads, bridges, churches and other large infrastructures were built with more
sophistication using engineering skills and tools brought by Spaniards
 Spaniards developed health and education system
 Post-Colonial

 Philippines under different administrations, continued to pursue
programs in science and technology
 
FILIPINO PRESIDENTS AND THEIR
CONTRIBUTION IN THE
DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY IN THE
PHILIPPINES
 Pres. Carlos P. Garcia
(1957-1961)

Lack of support to experimental work
Marginal budget for scientific research
Low salaries of scientist employed by the government
Established the National Science Development Board
 Pres. Ferdinand marcos
(1965 – 1986)

 Directed the Department of Education to revitalize the science courses in public high schools
 Channeled additional funds to support projects in applied sciences and science education
 He proclaimed 35 hectares of Bicutan, Taguig, Rizal as the site of the Philippine Science
Community
 Scholarships for graduate and undergraduate science scholars, and workshops on fisheries and
oceanography
 Added the Philippine Coconut Research Institute in NSDB to modernize the coconut industry
 Support the promotion of scientific research and invention with Presidential Decree No. 49, s.
1972
 He enacted a law under Presidential Decree No. 1003 –A, s. 1976 to establish the National
Academy of Science and Technology
 He enacted a law on the completion of the National Agriculture and Life Sciences Research
Complex at the University of the Philippines at the Los Banos
 He established the Mindanao and Visayas campuses of PSHS to encourage careers in S&T
 Established other research institutes like PAGASA, National Grains Authority, Philippine
Council for Agricultural Research, Philippine National Oil Company among others
 Pres. Corazon Aquino
(1986 – 1992)

 National Science and Technology Authority was replaced by Department of Science
and Technology (DOST)
 Science and technology’s role in economic recovery and sustained economic growth
was highlighted
 Created the Presidential Task Force for Science and Technology which came up
with the first Science and Technology Master Plan or STMP
 Executive Order No. 128 abolished R.A. No. 3859, also known as the “Philippine
Inventors Incentive Act”
 gave assistance to Filipino inventors through giving financial aid, patent
application assistance, legal assistance, and to help inventors market their products
domestically and abroad
 RA 6655 or Free Public Secondary Education Act of 1988 opened doors to free
education up to the secondary level
 “Science for the Masses Program” which aimed at scientific and technological
literacy among Filipinos
 Pres. Fidel v. ramos
(1992-1998)

 Significant increase in personnel specializing in the science and technology field
 Addition of PSHS in Visayas and Mindanao
 Government provided 3,500 scholarships to students who were taking professions related to
S&T
 Schools were becoming more modernized and updated with the addition of high-tech
equipment for student
 Priority for S&T personnel increased when Magna Carta for Science Technology Personnel
was established
 Award was published in order to give incentives and rewards for people who have been
influential in the field of S&T (Inventors and Inventions Incentives Act)
 Programs such as National Program for Gifted Filipino Children in Science and Technology
 Enactment of a law creating a nationwide system of high schools specializing in the field of
science and engineering
 Enacted the Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines (Republic Act of No. 8293)
 Pres. Joseph Estrada
(1998-2001)

Launched full-scale program based on cost-effective irrigation
technologies
Establishment of science high school in every province
Advancement of industries and schools in Internet Age
Passage of the E-commerce Act
 Pres. Gloria macapagal arroyo
(2001-2010)

 He science and technology sector of the Philippines was dubbed the
“golden age” during her term
 Numerous laws and projects that concerns both the environment and
science to push technology as a tool to increase the country’s economic
level
 The term “Filipinnovation” was coined term used in helping the
Philippines to be an innovation hub in Asia
 Science, Technology and Innovations (STI) was developed further by
strengthening the schools and education such as PSHS, which focuses
in science, technology and mathematics in their curriculum
 Imposes Republic Act 10601 which improves the Agriculture and
Fisheries Sector through Mechanization (AFMech)
FILIPINO 
SCIENTISTS
AND THEIR
INVENTIONS
Dr. Arturo Alcaraz
Geothermal energy development
1967, Alcaraz and team powered an electric bulb using steam-powered
electricity 
JULIAN BANZON
Methods of producing alternative fuels
Production of ethyl esters from sugarcane and coconut

PEDRO ESCURO
Isolation of nine rice varieties (Milpal4, HBD-2, Azmil 26 and C-22 and
C-18, C4-63, C4-137, C-168 and C-12)
Renowned by developing rice breeding in the country
Dr. FRANCISCO FRONDA
Father of Poultry Science
Improved methods of production for the poultry and livestock
industry 
FELIX MARAMBA
Coconut oil-fueled power generator
Developer of the biogas systems

LUZ OLIVEROS BELARDO

Researched phytochemical properties of plants in the Philippines for
Natural products, essential oils and the medicinal qualities
EMERITA DE GUZMAN
Researched the propagation of pure macapuno trees (from3-5macapuno nuts
to 14-19 nuts)


Invented tissue culture techniques for the rapid propagation of abaca and
banana plants

DR. FE DEL MUNDO

Credited with studies that lead to the invention of an improved incubator
and a jaundice relieving device

GREGORIO ZARA
Two-way television telephone or videophone patented as a “photo phone
signal separator network”
Discovered the physical law of electrical kinetic resistance called Zara Effect
Invented airplane engine that ran on plain alcohol as fuel