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Emotions: Psychology Department
Emotions: Psychology Department
Psychology Department
Emotions
The word emotions means' to move'
Physiological arousal
Expressive behaviors (changes in Facial expressions,
Gestures, Body Posture)
Subjective feelings
An emotion is a mental and physiological state associated
with a wide variety of feelings, thoughts and behavior.
Emotions are subjective experiences, or experienced from
an individual point of view.
Emotion = PC+EE+EF
Physiological Changes (PC)---Changes in body
functions
Emotional Expression (EE)---Outward signs that an
emotion is occurring
Emotional Feeling (EF)---The private, subjective
experience of having an emotion.
Study of the meaning of body movements, posture,
hand gestures, and facial expressions---Kinesics
(Body Language)
Mood
A mood is the mildest form of Emotion
Moods are low intensity emotional states that can last
for many hours, or even days.
The brain and Emotion
Emotions can be either positive or Negative
Positive emotions are processed mainly in the left
hemisphere, and negative in the right side; so we can
feel happy and sad at the same time.
An area in brain called Amygdala is responsible for
producing emotions.
People who suffer from any damage to Amygdala,
become blind to emotions.
Primary Emotions
Robert Plutchik (2003) has
identified eight basic
emotions, and these are:
1. Fear
2. Surprise
3. Sadness
4. Disgust
5. Anger
6. Anticipation
7. Joy
8. Acceptance
Physiological Changes During Emotions
When we experience an intense emotions, such as fear or
anger, we are aware of number of bodily changes. For
example:
rapid heart beat
Breathing
dryness of the throat and mouth
increased muscle tension
Perspiration
trembling of the extremities
a sinking feeling in the stomach.
Physiological Changes During
Emotions
Most of the physiological changes that occur during
emotional arousal result from activation of the
sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous
system as it prepares body for emergency action.
Sympathetic system is responsible for the following
changes:
i) Blood Pressure and heart rate increase
ii)Respiration becomes more rapid
iii)The pupils of the eye expand
Cont.
iv) Perspiration increases while discharge of saliva and
mucous decreases
v) Blood sugar level increases to provide more energy
vi) The blood is thicken more quickly in case of wounds
vii) Movement of the gastrointestinal tract decreases;
blood is preoccupied from the stomach and intestines
and sent to the brain and skeletal muscles.
viii) The hairs on the skin become rigid
Theories of Emotions
Psychologists and physiologists have all worked to
formulate some general principles to guide us in
thinking about the emotions.