Learner-Centered Psychological

Principles

COGNITIVE &
METACOGNITIVE MOTIVATIONAL AND
FACTORS AFFECTIVE FACTORS
(3 PRINCIPLES)
(6 PRINCIPLES)

14
LEARNER-
CENTERED
PRINCIPLES
(LCP) INDIVIDUAL
DEVELOPMENTAL
AND SOCIAL DIFFERENCE
FACTORS FACTORS
(2 PRINCIPLES) (3 PRINCIPLES)
 Learner-Centered Psychological
Principles
COGNITIVE AND METACOGNITIVE FACTORS make use of strategic thinking in
the approach to learning, reasoning, problem solving, and concept learning.
METACOGNITION : “THINKING ABOUT
THINKING; LEARNING HOW TO LEARN”

PLAN – “What am I being asked to do? Which

Strategies will I use? Are there any strategies
that I have used before that might be useful?

MONITOR – Is the strategy that I am using

working? Do I need to try something different?

EVALUATE – How successful the strategy and

the learners’ performance? Did I get the results I
expected?
MOTIVATIONAL AND AFFECTIVE FACTORS also influence both the
quality of thinking and information processing as well as individual’s
motivation to learn.
Motivation is the process that initiates, guides,
and maintain goal-oriented behavior. It is what
causes us to act.
Extrinsic Motivations are those that arise from
outside of the individual and often involve
rewards such as trophies, money, social
recognition or praise.
Intrinsic Motivations are those that arise from
within the individual, such as doing a
complicated crossword puzzle purely for the
personal gratification of solving a problem.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND SOCIAL FACTORS It describes learning as a
social process and the origination of human intelligence in society or
culture. Social interaction plays the fundamental role in the development
of cognition.
The Socio-Cultural Theory
believed that parents, caregivers,
peers and the culture at large were
responsible for developing higher-
order functions of development. It
describes learning as a social
process and the origination of
human intelligence in society or
culture. Social interaction plays
the fundamental role in the
development of cognition.
 
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES FACTORS Learners have different
strategies, approaches, and capabilities for learning that are function of prior
experience and heredity.
ASSESSMENT is the process of gathering evidence of students’ performance over a
period of time to determine learning and mastery of skills.