Population Law

Census Law(Chapter-2)
 Census Law
• The censuses typically began as the only method
of collecting national demographic data, and are
now part of a larger system of different surveys
• Desegregated statistics and data which are taken
at the time of census are important than the
practices and procedures of census
• International Conference on Population and
Development which was held on Cairo, Egypt,
on 5-13 September 1994.
 Cont…
• Nepal began to include the subject of
population management in the National Policy
and Plan on the basis of the norms of the
conference
• Nepal has its first ever National Population
Policy endorsed by the Cabinet in 2071 B.S.
• Population Perspective Plan of 20 years(2067-
2087 B.S.)
 Statistical Act, 1958(2015B.S.)
Main Provisions:
• Establishment of Central Bureau of Statistics in
January 1, 1959( Poush 17,2015) as the sole
authorized agency for the collection, consolidation,
processing, analyzing, publication and
dissemination of statistics.
• The Act has the mandatory provision for all those
who wish to collect, process and disseminate or
provide data to take the prior permission from CBS
 Cont..
• Unauthorized data are prohibited
• Recruitment of human resource for the
collection of data
• Report checking
• Punishment
 Statistics Rules, 2041
Main provisions:
• Execution of Statistics Act, 2015
• It is the base for the census
• Some census programs:
-Agriculture Censuses(every 10 yrs.)
-Census of Private Hospital in Nepal
-National Accounts Estimates(Annual)
-National Census of Manufacturing Industries(every 5
yrs.)
 Survey
• It is a data collection activity involving a sample
of the population
• In statistics, survey sampling describes the
process of selecting a sample of elements from a
target population
• A survey that measures the entire target
population is called a census
• To help in the policy making of the govt., CBS has
conducted different surveys like:
 Cont…
-Reproductive Health Survey
-Nepal Labor force Survey
-Nepal Living Standard Survey
-Annual Household Survey
-Nepal Land Transport Survey, etc.
 Vital Registration
Vital Registration system(VRS)
• VRS was started in England in the 16th century
• Birth, Death and Other Personal
Events(Registration) Act, 2033(1976)
• Statistical recording of vital events includes:
birth, death, migration, marriage, divorce,
adoption, etc. which is the reliable source of
population data
 Vital Registration
• It helps the govt. to formulate, plan and
implement the activities on the economic,
social, cultural, political, educational, health,
facilities as well as to identify the citizens
• In contrast to censuses, which collect
information on every member of a population
at a single point in time, VER collect
information on individuals as demography
events occur
 Cont…
• At present, most of the events registration
certificates are mandatory for obtaining services
• The birth registration certificate are made
compulsory for enrolment at schools and
educational agencies and child nutrition grants
• The deaths certificates are compulsory for
transferring the entitlement and legal ownership
• Similarly, internal migration registration certificates
are compulsory to obtain Social Security allowances
 Cont…
• A consolidated and well implemented VER calls
for the identification of the individual and the
families through a well-designed and created
family folder
• Although provisions on ‘Registration
Informants’ been updated and uneasy and
burdensome procedures made simpler, the
registration percent could not get a desired
level
 Cont…
• Because of legal complexities and non-obligatory
characteristics of VERS in Nepal, it has not been
effective
• Also low level of literacy, communication as well as
cultural factors
• Important events like; still birth, domestic adoption,
family separation, redistribution of entitlement are
not considered as events
• While registering the death, cause of death is not
mentioned
 Cont…
• The Constitution of Nepal, 2072 stated Child
Birth registration as the fundamental
rights(Article-39)
• United Nations Principles on VER defines it
and recognizes it as a major foundation for a
legal system for establishing the rights and
privileges of individuals in a country