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Sports Injuries Exam Questions
Sports Injuries Exam Questions
Sports Injuries Exam Questions
EXAM REVISION
QUESTIONS
A basketball player twists their ankle in a game and has to leave the court.
a) Describe the immediate treatment that they should use. (4 marks)
b) The injury does not respond to the treatment. Describe two other treatments that
could be used to help recovery. (3 marks)
Mark Scheme
a)
RICE
Rest – stop the activity as soon as the injury occurs to prevent making
it any worse.
Ice – applied to injured area for 10-15 mins then taken away for 20
mins (and repeat). Reduces internal bleeding and swelling.
Compression – Reduces swelling and so speeds recovery.
Elevation – elevate injured area above heart. Reduces swelling and
inflammation.
b)
Cryotherapy – the use of cold temperatures (e.g. cryogenic chambers)
Hyperbaric chambers / oxygen tents
Hypoxic tents (simulating high altitude to promote red blood cell
production).
Warm-up and warm-down are useful in preventing injury and in aiding the recovery
process after intense exercise.
a) What activities would you include in the warm-up and why? (4 marks)
b) What would you include in the warm-down and why? (3 marks)
Mark Scheme
a)
5-10 min light cardiovascular activity to raise body temperature
and enhance elasticity of muscles, tendons, ligaments and joint
structures.
Range of dynamic exercises to addressing key major muscle
groups.
Ensure that exercises are sports specific.
Gradual increasing of intensity.
b)
Light cardiovascular activity to prevent blood pooling and to deal
with excess muscle lactic acid.
Static stretching to help muscles and tendons relax, stopping
them becoming tight.
Warm-down helps prevent delayed onset muscle soreness
(DOMS).
Rapid recovery from injury is vital for elite performers and they now use a wide range of injury recovery techniques.
For each of the following methods describe the treatment and its purpose.
a) Cryotherapy (2 marks)
b) Proprioceptive retraining (3 marks)
c) Therapeutic massage (2 marks)
Mark Scheme
a)
The general or local use of cold temperatures in the treatment of injury.
Ice baths and cryogenic chambers are often used as part of post-match recovery.
Stops internal bleeding to reduce swelling and aid recovery.
b)
A series of exercises aimed at rebuilding the performer’s proprioceptive sense.
Proprioception is the body’s awareness of position, movement and changes in
state of balance.
This information comes from proprioceptors in joints, tendons and muscles as
well as visual and auditory senses.
Retraining activities include hopping on a trampette, balance board exercises etc.
c)
Application of massage techniques to the muscle and connective tissues to
enhance sports performance.
Used to increase range of movement / flexibility and to relieve muscle soreness.
May help injury prevention and promote faster recovery.
Research of its benefits is inconclusive.
For a named sport, describe the steps that a performer could
take to reduce their chances of injury, prior to competition. (7
marks)
Mark Scheme
Must name a sport.
Ensure that correct protective equipment is worn/used (make
specific to the sport).
Ensure that appropriate footwear is worn.
Use taping and bracing to support weak areas of the body.
Ensure that the body is fully conditioned to take part in the sport
(link to specific sport).
Core strength training to provide the body with stability and reduce
chance of injury (esp lower back).
Strengthening muscles to prevent repetitive strain injuries.
Ensure that adequate rest is allowed during training to avoid the
risks associated with overtraining.
Ensure that diet is appropriate for performers training level.
Ensure that an appropriate warm-up is undertaken prior to the event
including a cardiovascular pulse-raiser and a series of dynamic
exercises and stretches.
How may hyperbaric chambers aid injury rehabilitation? (3
marks)
Nagging injury
Loss of apetite
Sleeping problems
Development of fundamental motor skills – running, jumping, kicking, catching, striking etc.
Low level training for speed and endurance through fun games