Erbil polytechnic university

Erbil health technical collage

Physiotherapy department
2020_2021

The joints of lower limb

Supervisor: Presentation:
Dr. Aza Ismail Esra Mohemmed
Zaid masud
Kawshan Sardar
Sumaya Abbas
 Joint
 Joint, in anatomy, a structure that separates two or more adjacent
elements of the skeletal system.
 Depending on the type of joint, such separated elements may or
may not move on one another.
 Lower limb
 For anatomists, the lower limb consists of the thigh (the upper leg), the leg (the
lower leg), and the foot.
 Thigh: femur
 Leg: tibia and fibula and patella
 Foot: tarsal, metatarsal and phalangs

 Joint of lower limb:

1. Hip joint
2. Knee joint
3. Tibiofibular joint [proximal and distal]
4. Ankle joint
5. Intertarsal joint
6. Tarsometatarsal joint
7. Intermetatarsal joint
8. Metatarsalphalangs joint
 Hip joint
 The hip joint is a ball and socket synovial joint, formed by
an articulation between the pelvic acetabulum and the head
of the femur.

 Movement :
o Flexion
o extension
o abduction
o Abduction
o circumduction
o medial and lateral rotation
 Knee joint
 The knee joint is a hinge type synovial joint .It is formed by
articulations between the patella, femur and tibia.
Movements:
Flexion
Movements:
Extension
 Tibiofibular joint
 The tibiofibular joints are a set of
articulations that unite the tibia and
fibula
 These two bones of the leg are
connected via three junctions:
1. The superior (proximal) tibiofibular
joint
2. the inferior (distal) tibiofibular
3. The interosseous membrane of leg
 Tibiofibular joint
 Movement:
o slight gliding movement, These movement s occur in a
superior-inferior direction, and range to only a few degrees.
 Ankle joint
 The ankle joint is a synovial joint located in the lower limb. It
is formed by the bones of the leg (tibia and fibula) and the
foot (talus).

 Movement:
1. Planter flexion
2. Dorsiflexion
3. Inversion
4. Eversion
5. Medial and lateral rotation
 Intertarsal joint
 his joint located between the tarsal bones of foot .
 The intertarsal joints are the different joints between the
tarsal bones, including:

1. Talocalcaneocentral joint
2. Calcaneoquartal joint
3. Centrodistal joint
 Tarsometatarsal joint
 The tarsometatarsal joints (Lisfranc joints) are arthrodial
joints in the foot.
 The tarsometatarsal joints involve the first, second and third
cuneiform bones, the cuboid bone and the metatarsal bones.
 Intertmetatarsal joint
 The intertmetatarsal joint are the joints of the metatarsal bones
in the foot.
 Metatarsalphalangeal joint
 This joint located between the meta tarsal and phalanges
bone on foot.
 In each foot have a 5 joint , the one in each digiti.
 Interphalangeal joint

 The joint located between the phalanges bone together in

foot.
Thank you for your time