ANALISIS SISTEM TENAGA

PP 13
PHASOR NOTATION
 Sinyal tegangan dan arus pada sistem tenaga
diasumsikan Sinusoidal murni,sehingga dapat
dimodelkan dengan Notasi Phasor
 Euler Identity
j
e  cos   j sin 
   cos
Re al e j

Ime   sin 
j
 LANJUTAN...

V (t)  100.e  100 j30

V (t )  100.e j 30
 100(cos 30  j sin 30)
 3 1
100  j 
 2 2
Re alV (t )  50 3
ImV (t )  50
 LANJUTAN...
 Tegangan = V (t )  Vrms 

 
V (t )  144 cos(t )  Vmax Re e j 0
 Vrms 0o  1000o
Vmax
Vrms 
2
 LANJUTAN...
 Arus= I (t )  I rms 

 
I (t )  70.7 cos(t  30)  I max Re e j 30
 I rms 30 o  5030 o
I max
I rms 
2

 Lagging current
 LANJUTAN...
 Arus= I (t )  I rms 

I (t )  70.7 cos(t  30)  I max Ree j ( 30 ) 

 I rms   30o  50   30 o
I max
I rms 
2
 Leading current
 Single Subscript Notation
a b
+ +
IL

Vt VL

- -
0

Vt  VL
IL  ; Vt  E g  I L Z g ; VL  Vt  I L Z a
Za
 Double Subscript Notation

a b
+ +
IL

Vt VL

- -
0

Vt  Va ; VL  Vb ; Vab  I ab .Z a ; I ab  YabVab
Vab  Vba  Vab 180 o
Vt  Va  Vao
VL  Vb  Vbo
I L  I ab
SINGLE PHASE ACTIVE POWER
Van (t )  Vmax cos t
I an (t )  I max cos t   
P (t )  Van .I an  Vmax cos t.I max cos t   
t1

Pave (t )   P (t ).dt
t1

Vmax .I max
 cos
2
 Vrms .I rms cos 
COMPLEX POWER & POWER FACTOR

Q(VAR)

S (VA)

o

P (watt)

S  P  jQ ; P  S . cos  ; Q  S . sin 
PF  cos  ; P  S .PF
V (t )  Vrms 
I (t )  I rms  Q(VAR)
S (VA)

I (t )  I rms   
* 

P (watt)
S (t )  V (t ).I (t )
 Vrms  . I rms   
 Vrms . I rms     
P (t )  Re S (t )  Vrms . I rms . cos    
Q(t )  Im S (t )  Vrms . I rms . sin     
 Q2

P2
S2
Q1 S1

SResultan
Pres  P1  P2
P1
Qres  Q1  Q2
Q2 bernilai negatif sehingga
S res  Pres  Qres arahnya berlawanan

 Qres  Apakah SResultan = S1 + S2 ???

 res  arc.tg  
 Pres 
 S2
Q2

P2

S1 Sresultan
P1

Q1
DIRECTION OF POWER FLOW
SIGN CONVENTION
PASSIVE SIGN CONVENTION
 DIRECTION OF POWER FLOW

PL  VL .I L

• Jika PL> 0, maka ZLmenyerap Daya Real

• Jika PL< 0, maka ZL mensuplai Daya Real

• Jika QL> 0, maka ZLmenyerap Daya Reaktif

• Jika QL< 0, maka ZL mensuplai Daya Reaktif
POWER CHARACTERISTIC
Generator
PL  0 & QL  0

Motor
PL  0 & QL  0

Capasitor Bank
PL  0 & QL  0
EXAMPLE

Vt  1000
E1 E2 VL  10030
Z  0  j5

1. Describe power flow direction !

2. Which one is generator/motor ?
3 PHASE CIRCUIT

Ia
0,n In

Ib

Ic

Vao  Van  1000o , Vbo  Vbn  100120o , Vco  Vcn  100240o

I an  500o , I bn  50120o , I cn  50240o
“A” OPERATOR

a 1120
a  1240
2

a  1360
3

Vab  Van  Vnb  Van  Vbn

 Van  Van 240   Van (1  a )

2

 3.Van 30 o
 a-a2

a 390 -a2

Vcn
a-1
1-a2
3150
330

-1,-a3 1,a3
Van

a2-1 1-a
3210 3  30
Vbn
a2 -a
a2-a
3  90
EXERCISE

1. v  141.4 sin(t  30 o ) and i  11.31sin(t  30o ).

Find : S , P, Q, PF , !
2.Vao  12045 and Vbo  100  15.
Find Vba !
3.Van  15010 o.
Find Vab , Vac ,Vbc !