Section Break

headache Insert the Subtitle of Your Presentation

(Cephalgia)
Headache/Nyeri kepala
(Cephalgia)
Semua sensasi tidak menyenangkan
(Nyeri) yang berlokasi di kepala sepanjang
orbita sampai tengkuk akibat terganggunya
struktur peka nyeri di kepala
Section Break
Insert the Subtitle of Your Presentation
 Epidemiologi

headache headache

Content Here Content Here

90% 96%

Simple PowerPoint Presentation

Penelitian epidemiologi internasional didapatkan prevalensi
“life time” dari nyeri kepala adalah 90% pria, 96% wanita
Skala Verbal
Nyeri Kepala

0 1 2 3

0 = No headache

1 = Mild headache, ADL normal

2 = Moderate headache, ADL terganggu sedikit (tidak

perlu istirahat)
3 = Severe headache, ADL terganggu banyak (perlu
istirahat/opname)
 Mekanisme Nyeri Kepala
Organ Intra Kranial
A. Pain Sensitive
 sinus venosus & vena
0  arteri/sirkulus willisii
 duramater anterior & posterior
 N. Kranialis V, IX, X
B. Non Pain Sensitive
 Parenkim otak
 Duramater, tengkorak

0 Organ Ekstra Kranial

A. Pain Sensitive
0  Scalp, kulit tendon
 Gigi, mukosa paranasal & cavum nasal
 Orbita
 Telinga
 Pembuluh darah
 0 Mekanisme Nyeri Kepala
• Peregangan (distensi &
dilatasi) arteri/vena intra
& ekstra kranial dan
sirkulus Willisii
• Spasme pembuluh darah
ekstra/intrakranial
• Inflamasi struktur pain
sensitive
intra/ekstrakranial
• Perubahan tekanan
intrakranial &
intrakavitas
• Tekanan langsung
terhadap saraf
 0 Mekanisme Nyeri Kepala
Teori Yang Menyebabkan Timbulnya Nyeri Kepala
1) Sensitisasi
2) Teori vasodilatasi
3) Aktivasi trigeminovascular
4) Steril inflamasi neuron
5) Cortical spreading depression
6) Aktivasi rostral brainstem
7) Aktivitas yang imbalance antara brainstem nuclei
regulating antinoception dengan vascular control
8) Dll.
 Klasifikasi Baru Nyeri Kepala (IHS) 2004
A B c
Nyeri Kepala Primer Nyeri Kepala Sekunder

1. Headache attributed to head

and/or neck trauma
1. Migraine 2. . Headache attributed to cranial

2. Tension type 3.
and/or cervical vascular disorders
Headache attributed to non
Cranial Neuralgias,
headache 4.
vascular disorder
Headache attributed to a
central and primary
3. Cluster headache 5.
substance or its withdrawal
Headache attributed to infection
facial pain and other
and other trigeminal 6. Headache attributed to disorder of
homeostasis headaches
autonomic 7. Headache or facial pain attributed
to disorder of cranium, eyes, ears,
cephalgia nose, sinuses, teeth, mouth or

4. Other primary 8.
other facial or cranial structures
Headache attributed to psychiatric
headache 9.
disorder
Cranial Neuralgias and central
cause of fascial pain
 PRIMARY
HEADACHE
“Nyeri Kepala Primer adalah nyeri
kepala yang terjadi tanpa adanya
0 penyakit yang mendasari”.

Nyeri Kepala Primer

 1.MIGRAINE
NYERI KEPALA PRIMER AKIBAT GANGGUAN PEMBULUH DARAH
DAN BERSIFAT UNILATERAL

Dianggap karena perubahan vascular

Vasokonstriksi arteri extracranial, meningeal dan cerebral
( fenomena visual / gelaja prodromal )  dilatasi dan distensi pembuluh Darah
cranial terutama arteri carotis externa , amplitude pulsasi ↑ ( nyeri yang menusuk )
pembuluh darah jadi kaku ( rasa nyeri menetap )  fase kontraksi otot  dalam
darah terdapat NFE / Neurokin Forming Enzim
MIGRAINE
WITHOUT
AURA

PROBABLE MIGRAINE
MIGRAINE LIKE HEADACHE
(2nd HA  medical overused)
 MIGRAINE
WITH
AURA
Aura adalah gejala neurologic
fokal yang mendahului atau
menyertai serangan migraine
Fotopsia : adanya kilatan cahaya
menyilaukan ( Fenomena positif )
Aura Visual : Scintillating scotoma 
bintik kecil >>, gangguan visual salah satu
lapangan pandang (Fenomena negative )

Aura Sensorik : kebas atau rasa panas

pada separuh badan

Aura motorik : Hemiparesis, Disfagia,

kesulitan bicara
 RETINAL
MIGRAINE
 Jarang
Paling tidak ada 2x serangan
scintillating, scotoma, blindness
 Hanya 1 mata saja
Diikuti serangan nyeri kepala
migren
 Tidak ada penyakit lain
BASILAR TYPE
MIGRAINE
 FAMILIAL
HEMIPLEGIC
MIGRAINE
 SPORADIC
HEMIPLEGIC
MIGRAINE
CHRONIC
MIGRAINE
COMPLICA
TIONS OF
MIGRAINE
COMPLICA
TIONS OF
MIGRAINE
Agenda Style
01 Contents Here
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02 Contents Here
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03 Contents Here
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04 Contents Here
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FOOD AS
TRIGGER FACTOR
OF MIGRAINE •
•.
NUTS
FRIED FOODS
• POPCORN
• CHILE PEPPERS
• SEAFOODS
• PORK/LIVERS

01 MAYOR • SALTY FOOD/SWEETY

• MSG
•
•
WINE/VODKA/BIER MINOR 02
CHEESE
• CHOCOLATE
• YOGURT/YEAST
• CITRUS FRUIT
• BUTTERMILK, MILK
2.TENSION-TYPE
HEADACHE
 INFREQUENT
EPISODIC
TENSION-TYPE
HEADACHE
 FREQUENT
EPISODIC
TENSION-TYPE
HEADACHE
 CHRONIC
TENSION-TYPE
HEADACHE
 PROBABLE
TENSION-TYPE
HEADACHE
 3.Cluster headache and other
trigeminal autonomic cephalgia
 CLUSTER
HEADACHE
 CLUSTER
HEADACHE
You can simply impress your
audience and add a unique zing
and appeal to your Presentations. I
hope and I believe that this
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TERAPI
MIGRAINE AKUT TERAPI FARMAKOLOGI MIGRAINE AKUT

You can simply impress your audience and add a unique zing and appeal to
your Presentations. I hope and I believe that this Template will your Time,
Money and Reputation. Get a modern PowerPoint Presentation that is
beautifully designed.

Get a modern PowerPoint Presentation that is beautifully designed.

TERAPI
MIGRAINE AKUT TERAPI FARMAKOLOGI MIGRAINE AKUT
TERAPI
MIGRAINE AKUT TERAPI FARMAKOLOGI MIGRAINE AKUT
Your
YourPicture
Picture Here
HereAnd
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Portfolio Presentation
TERAPI TTH
TERAPI FARMAKOLOGI TENSION-TYPE HEADACHE
TERAPI CLUSTER
HEADACHE TERAPI FARMAKOLOGI CLUSTER HEADACHE
Red flags
Red flags