Canal Lining

Necessity of Lining
Advantage of Lining
Type of Lining

Herat February 13, 2017

Canal Lining & Necessity of Lining

Irrigation water is an expensive commodity

and there should not be any wastage /
seepage during its carriage to the irrigation
field.
Unlined canals loose any thing between
25% to 50% of water.
Fortunately by lining of irrigation canals these
problems will be solved / avoided or
minimized.
Advantage of Lining

It controls the seepage

It prevents of water logging salinity or
alkali salts.
It increases the discharge carrying
capacity of canal.
It increases in command area (because
higher velocities are permissible).
It reduces maintenance cost
It eliminates of flood danger.
Type of Lining:
Cast in-situ Cement Concrete Lining
This type of lining is very wildly used owing
durability, impermeability, hydraulic efficiency
and providing weed free surface, and gives
satisfactory service. This lining made of M150
with the thickness that ranges from 5-15cm with
a good sub grade well compacted to avoid
crack. Consider drainages in shallow water table
to avoid uplift pressure.
Cast in site cement concrete is a thickness of 5-
15 cm is generally used for small & medium size
canals.
Pre-cast lining
The advantage of this type of lining is:
(i) higher strength for equivalent
thickness. (ii) Avoid plaster finish. (iii) No
lead of raw materials. (iv) Less skilled
labors, as compared to that required for
cast in site PCC lining is required for
precast PCC lining.
Disadvantage of precast concrete
lining:
Slow progress
Not suitable for curve
Too light for big hydraulic works
channels
Shotcrete Linings: are applied Portlan
cement and sand mixture.
Asphalt Linings are asphalt concrete
linings.
Asphalt concrete lining consist a mixture of
asphalt cement and aggregate mixed placed
and compacted hot. This type of lining is
used where the asphalt is available.
Brick Linings could be double or single
courses and this type of lining is mostly used
where suitable soil for making brick is
available.
Stone Masonry Lining could be mostly
where the suitable stone is available; the
stone masonry has better wearing quality
than brick masonry, and therefore in more
suited to steep channels, especially in hilly
areas.
Earth Type lining is economically possible
only if suitable earth is available in the area
through which the canal is constructed and
is very useful in reducing seepage and this
type of lining is compacted layer by layer,
the rang of layer is different based on its
different types, started from 15-30cm (thin
compacted earth lining), from 60-90 cm the
sides and 30-60cm for its bed (thick
compacted lining) this type is very
satisfactory.
Shape of Lined Channel
Economic form of channel section is that
which has a maximum cross section area
for the minimum wetted perimeter. Semi
circular is the most efficient section of a
canal but it involves certain difficulties in
construction, the most common section is
Trapezoidal one.