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Pernambuco Index Dan War Lines
Pernambuco Index Dan War Lines
& WARLINE
Oleh :
drg.Rizqan Maulana
drg. Fajar Januar Mirhard
drg. Muhammad Fuadi
drg. Tiara oktavia Saputri
PENDAHULUAN
• Tingkat kesulitan impaksi gigi molar ketiga
merupakan indeks yang berperan dalam meprediksi
faktor risko setiap pembedahan sebelum fase
operasi.
• Berbagai indeks telah dikembangkan dalam berbagai
penelitian dengan menguji akurasi, efisiensi dan
objektifitasnya, sehingga dihasilkan indeks stratifikasi
yang lengkap dan turut mempertimbangkan aspek
bentuk, posisi gigi impaksi
*Pedersen, 1996
Pernambuco Index
Balaji,
2007
White, Amber and Red (WAR)
Lines
• White line: Line joining the occlusal surfaces/heighest cusps tips of all erupted molars, extending
up to the ramus. It indicates the difference in occlusal level of second and third molars. Drawn
along occlusal surface of the erupted third molar and extended over third molar region posteriorly.
• Amber line: Represents the bone level distal to the 3 rd molar, extended anteriorly along the crest of
interdental septum. This line denotes the alveolar bone covering the impacted tooth and the portion
of the tooth not covered. Drawn from the surface of the bone on distal aspect of third molar to the
crest of interdental septum between first and second mandibular molar.
• Red Line: Drawn perpendicular from Amber line to the imaginary point of application of elevator on
the 3rd molar. It indicates the amount that will have to be removed before elevation i.e. the depth of
the tooth in bone and the difficulty encountered in removing the tooth. Drawn perpendicular from
the amber line to an imaginary point of application of the elevator.
Balaji,
2007
White, Amber and Red (WAR)
Lines
• White line: Corresponds to occlusal plane of molar teeth, Indicates
the difference in occlusal level of second and third molar
• Amber line: Represents the bone level, Denotes the alveolar bone
covering the impacted tooth and the portion of tooth not covered by
the bone