Table of Content

 Introduction
 Types of Physiological Disorders
• Nutritional
• Temperature (low and high)
• Respiratory
• Senescent
• Miscellaneous
 Conclusion
 References
 Introduction
To provide high quality fruits and vegetable throughout the year, it
is required to start fro high quality materials at harvest.

Product quality is only maintained after harvest. Not improved……

Pre-harvest and post-harvest factors maximize or minimize the

quality of the fresh fruit and vegetables.

3
Fruit Quality
is important
Factor

4
External Quality

5
 Quality

•
External •
Size and shape
Skin color
Quality • Physiological
disorders

• Taste and aroma

Internal Vitamins
• Texture
Quality • Flesh color
• Physiological
disorders
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Introduction

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 Pre-Harvest effect regulating physiological
disorder
Genetic factor

Cell metabolism

Environmental factor
Soil
Light
Temperature and Relative Humidity

8
 Genetic factor
• Genotypes expressing higher root growth can potentially take up more
nutrients from the soil than genotypes expressing lower root growth

• Lower content of essential nutrients can enhance tissue susceptibility

to many physiological disorders such as calcium (Ca2+) deficiency
disorders

• cell wall degradation and browning disorders

• Genotypes expressing high shoot and leaf growth have high

photosynthesis and the accumulation of carbohydrates, which are used
as building blocks for biomass production and fuel for energy

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High photosynthesis rates and carbohydrate accumulation can
stimulate cell expansion, which has been linked to the susceptibility
of higher plant tissues to disorders

High carbohydrate accumulation can result in sugar levels that are

not metabolized in the cell, leading to development disorders in fruit

• High shoot and leaf growth can potentially increase whole-plant

transpiration, resulting in plants being more susceptible to water
stress which may also increase the susceptibility of fruit to disorders

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 Cell Metabolism
Photosynthesis and carbohydrate partitioning and allocation are
highly dependent on the genotype and can play an important role in
determining plant susceptibility to disorders

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 Soil
Soil structure, water, and nutrient content have an important role in
plant growth and development. Compacted soil inhibits root growth,
which limits the uptake of water and nutrients from the soil
Resulting in stunted growth, poor quality and yield of fruit and
vegetables, and higher susceptibility to different disorders
Sandy and low-organicmatter soils retain less water and nutrients
than clay and high-organic-matter soils, limiting plant growth and
development due to limited water and nutrient supply to the plant
Periods of drought and limited nutrient availability in the soil have
been frequently associated with a higher incidence of physiological
disorders in plants

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 Light
Shoot growth and fruit color development are the most clearly plant
response regulated by light quality conditions in fruit trees

alteration of light quality makes significant differences in fruit trees

and could be a useful tool for sustainable (e.g. lower use of
chemicals and labor-practices) manipulation of yield and quality in
orchards.

sunburn symptoms are inhibited at normal light intensity, but not at

high light intensities that result in stress levels higher than plant cells
can control.

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 Senescence
Senescence is the period when chemical synthesizing pathways give
way to degradative processes, leading to aging and death of tissue

Apples are harvested before natural senescence, are cooled

immediately to slow respiration, and the storage chamber air is
passed continuously through charcoal to absorb

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Senescence

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