FRAMEWORKS AND

PRINCIPLES BEHIND
OUR MORAL
DISPOSITION
FRAMEWORK

HAPPINESS AS THE CONSTITUTIVE

OF MORAL AND CARDINAL VIRTUES
 HAPPINESS

What is Happiness?
What makes you happy?
 HAPPINESS

• The way you see things

• The way you appreciate things.
• The way you live your life
 INSPIRING QUOTES ABOUT
HAPPINESS

“Life is short so choose to be happy”

“Happiness is not something readymade. It
comes from your own actions”
“The way we see the problem is the problem”
“Plant seeds of hope in your heart and flowers will
bloom over your scars”
“The happiest people are the givers, not the
takers”
WHAT IS HAPPINESS?

• Happiness is a feeling of pleasure and

positivity. When someone feels good, proud,
excited, relieved or satisfied about
something, that person is said to be "happy".
Feeling happy may help people to relax and
to smile. 
• Happiness is usually thought of as the
opposite of sadness.
• St. Thomas believes that man’s pursuit of
happiness depends on him being a virtuous
human being.

• In addition, St. Thomas explained that

happiness which is what all human beings
want to achieve is of two kinds:
a. incomplete happiness and
b. complete happiness
• Incomplete happiness which can
achieved by means of human actions
and grounded on the cultivation of the
four cardinal virtues and
• Complete happiness which is only
possible through the theological virtues
received from a higher power.
MORAL AND CARDINAL VIRTUES

Moral virtue – is a virtue concerned with

the practical life or with the vegetative
and appetitive contrasted with
intellectual virtue.
• Courage
• Justice
• Honesty
• Compassion
• Temperance and Kindness
MORAL AND CARDINAL VIRTUES

• Cardinal virtues are four virtues of

mind and character in both classical
philosophy and Christian theology.
• The term cardinal comes from the
Latin cardo (hinge); virtues are so
called because they are regarded as
the basic virtues required for a
virtuous life..
FOUR CARDINAL VIRTUES
KANT AND RIGHT THEORISTS

1. Kant
a. Goodwill
b. Categorical Imperative
2. Different kinds of Rights
c. Legal Rights
d. Moral Rights
IMMANUEL KANT

• Was born on April 22, 1724, in

Kaliningrad, Russia
• Was a German philosopher and one of
the foremost thinkers of the
Enlightenment.
IMMANUEL KANT

• Immanuel Kant was the founder of German

Idealism.
• He wrote three of the most important works
in Philosophy namely: The Critique of Pure
Reason in 1781, the Critique of Practical
Reason in 1788 and the Critique of
Judgement in 1790.
IMMANUEL KANT

• In Kant’s Critique of Practical Reason, practical

means that when we act, we think about our
actions.
• Moral laws, according to Kant is universally and
necessarily true.
• Kant emphasized that moral rules are the same for
everyone.
IMMANUEL KANT
• Morality according to him is not simple
obedience to rules, but is duty that is based
on good will.

• As written in Price (2000), for Kant, human

actions are directed by three kinds of motives:
a. inclination
b. self-interest and
c. duty.