TOPIC : INTERNET AND ITS

BRIEF HISTORY

 CYBER LAW AND SECURITY PREENTATION

 NAME : ARUN JAIN

 ROLL NO. 17001007009

 SUBMITTED TO : MS TAMANNA SACHDEVA

 What is the internet?
The internet is the wider network that allows computer networks around the
world run by companies, governments, universities and other organisations to
talk to one another. The result is a mass of cables, computers, data centres,
routers, servers, repeaters, satellites and wifi towers that allows digital
information to travel around the world.

It is that infrastructure that lets you order the weekly shop, share your life on
Facebook, stream Outcast on Netflix, email your aunt in Wollongong and search
the web for the world’s tiniest cat.

USES OF
INTERNET
1. Uses of the Internet in Education

The Internet is a great platform for students to learn throughout their lifetime. They can
use the internet to learn new things and even acquire degrees through online
education programs. Teachers can also use the internet to teach students around
the world.

2. Internet Use to Speed Up Daily Tasks

The Internet is very much useful in our daily routine tasks. For example, it helps us to
see our notifications and emails. Apart from this, people can use the internet for
money transfers, shopping order online food, etc.

3. Use of the Internet for Shopping

With the help of the internet, anybody can order products online. The increase in online
shopping has also resulted in companies offering a huge discount for their
customers.

4. Internet for Research & Development

The Internet plays a pivotal role in research and development as it is propelled through
internet research. The benefit of the internet is enjoyed by small businessmen to big
universities.

5. Business Promotion and Innovation

The Internet is also used to sell products by using various e-Commerce solutions. The
result is new services and businesses starting every day thereby creating job
opportunities and reducing unemployment.
6. Communication

Without a doubt, the internet is the most powerful medium of communication at present.
It connects people across different parts of the world free and fast.

7. Digital Transactions

The internet facilitates internet banking, mobile banking, and e-wallets. Since all digital
transactions are stored in a database, it helps the government to track income tax
details or income reports in the ITR.

8. Money Management

The internet can also be used to manage money. Now, there are many websites,
applications, and other tools that help us in daily transactions, transfers, management,
budget, etc.

9. Tour & Travel

During tour and travel, the use of the internet is highly effective as it serves as a guide.
People browse the internet before they start visiting the places. Tour bookings can
also be done using the internet.

The influence of the internet in our daily life is huge. It has opened us a magical world
of information and we would have never seen the world as it is without the internet.
Considering its scope and importance, it would be hard to imagine a world without the
internet.

How much energy does the internet use?

The Chinese telecoms firm Huawei estimates that the information and
communications technology (ICT) industry could use 20% of the world’s
electricity and release more than 5% of the world’s carbon emissions by 2025.
The study’s author, Anders Andrae, said the coming “tsunami of data” was to
blame.

In 2016, the US government’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory estimated

that American data centres – facilities where computers store, process and
share information – might need 73bn kWh of energy in 2020. That’s the output of
10 Hinkley Point B nuclear power station
 BRIEF HISTORY OF
INTERNET
1965: Two computers at MIT Lincoln Lab communicate with one another using packet-
switching technology.

1968: Beranek and Newman, Inc. (BBN) unveils the final version of the Interface
Message Processor (IMP) specifications. BBN wins ARPANET (Advanced Research
Projects Agency Network) contract.

1969: On Oct. 29, UCLA’s Network Measurement Center, Stanford Research Institute
(SRI), University of California-Santa Barbara and University of Utah install nodes.
The first message is "LO," which was an attempt by student Charles Kline to "LOGIN" to
the SRI computer from the university. However, the message was unable to be
completed because the SRI system crashed.

1972: BBN’s Ray Tomlinson introduces network email. The Internetworking Working
Group (INWG) forms to address need for establishing standard protocols.
1973: Global networking becomes a reality as the University College of London
(England) and Royal Radar Establishment (Norway) connect to ARPANET. The term
Internet is born.

1974: The first Internet Service Provider (ISP) is born with the introduction of a
commercial version of ARPANET, known as Telenet.

1974: Vinton Cerf and Bob Kahn (the duo said by many to be the Fathers of the Internet)
publish "A Protocol for Packet Network Interconnection," which details the design of
TCP.

1976: Queen Elizabeth II hits the “send button” on her first email.

1979: USENET forms to host news and discussion groups.

1981: The National Science Foundation (NSF) provided a grant to establish the
Computer Science Network (CSNET) to provide networking services to university
computer scientists.

1982: Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP), as the protocol
suite, commonly known as TCP/IP, emerge as the protocol for ARPANET. This results
in the fledgling definition of the Internet as connected TCP/IP internets. TCP/IP
remains the standard protocol for the Internet.
1983: The Domain Name System (DNS) establishes the familiar .edu, .gov, .com, .mil,
.org, .net, and .int system for naming websites. This is easier to remember than the
previous designation for websites, such as 123.456.789.10.

1984: William Gibson, author of "Neuromancer," is the first to use the term "cyberspace."

1985: Symbolics.com, the website for Symbolics Computer Corp. in Massachusetts,

becomes the first registered domain.

1986: The National Science Foundation’s NSFNET goes online to connected

supercomputer centers at 56,000 bits per second — the speed of a typical dial-up
computer modem. Over time the network speeds up and regional research and
education networks, supported in part by NSF, are connected to the NSFNET backbone
— effectively expanding the Internet throughout the United States. The NSFNET was
essentially a network of networks that connected academic users along with the
ARPANET.

1987: The number of hosts on the Internet exceeds 20,000. Cisco ships its first router.

1989: World.std.com becomes the first commercial provider of dial-up access to the
Internet.