DEVICES AND SENSORS APPLCABLE TO 5G SYSTEM

IMPLEMENTATIONS

Name : Kamma Hemanth Kumar

Seminar Guide : Mr. Prahlad D, Assistant Professor, ECE Department, PESIT.

USN : 1PE17EC059
 Problem Statement

Modern power system are growing fast with more generators,

transformers and large network in the system. Whenever a fault
occurs there is a need for the protection of these system.

Here we’ll discuss the use of superconductor as protective device

for surge current protection.
 Surge Current

The maximum instantaneous input current drawn by an electrical device when

first it is turned ON, is defined as surge current.

It is also known as inrush current or input surge current or switch on surge.

Inrush current can be as high as 100 times the normal steady state current
 Need of Surge Current

High inrush current can affect the electrical systems by tripping fuses and
circuit breakers unnecessarily.

If inrush protection is not in place, relays and circuit breakers must be rated
higher than any possible inrush current.

Inrush Current can also cause pitted contacts on switches and relays due to
arcing of the contacts.
 Super Conductor

Metallic elements, alloys or compounds that will conduct electricity

without resistance below a certain temperature, is called a Superconductor.

Superconductivity is a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance that

apply in certain materials when cooled below critical temperature.
 Meissner Effect

The phenomenon of exclusion of magnetic flux or ejection of lines of

magnetic induction from the interior of bulk superconductors, when
they are cooled below the transition temperature is called Meissner’s
effect.
 Types of Super Conductors

Low temperature Superconductor :- Those whose critical temperature is

below 77 k. Example :- lead and mercury (common LTS), Ti, V, Zr, Nb etc.

High temperature Superconductor :- Those whose critical temperature is

above 77 k. Example :- YBCO, BSCCO etc.
 Surge Current Limiter

A surge current limiter is a device which limit prospective surge current

when a instant high current occurs at starting . Generally SCL are
superconductor SCL.

Process of protection from surge current

 Superconductor as a variable resistor

S
 Why Super Conductors?

The losses are reduced by using superconductors.

The best conductivity is provided by using superconductors.

These are the ideal conductors.

 Advantages
Safety, reliability, and power quality.

Cost for C.B. and fuses can be reduced.

Life of transformers extended.

Reduced or eliminate wide area, blackouts.

 Conclusion

The Superconductor Fault Current Limiters offers

efficient advantages to power systems and opens up a
major application for superconducting materials.
 REFERENCES

1. http://www.scribd.com/doc/115890153/surge- current-protection-using-superconductors

2. http://jntuhome.com/surge-current-protection- using-superconductors-

3. http://kguru.info/t-surge-current-protection- using-superconductors-55999

4. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surge_protector

5. www.ecoflow.org/index.php?option=com_conten t&id=51&ltemid=55
THANK YOU