THE SCOPE AND

DELIMITATION AND
THE SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
THE SCOPE OF
THE STUDY
The scope of the study is determined
primarily by the selection of the variables
that the research study will focus on.

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THE SCOPE OF
THE STUDY
VARIABLE
Refers to any characteristic that can have
different values or traits that may vary across
research participants.

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THE SCOPE OF
THE STUDY
ATTRIBUTE
Refers to the important elements of a
variable. It refers to the value assigned to a
specific variable.

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 CHARACTERISTIC
S OF VARIABLES
 DEPENDENCE

This refers to how the variable is

considered in a cause-and-effect
relationship.
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 CHARACTERISTIC
S OF VARIABLES
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES

These are variables that are changed

or manipulated by the researcher.

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 CHARACTERISTIC
S OF VARIABLES
DEPENDENT VARIABLES

These are variables that change

because of the changes to the
independent variable.
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 CHARACTERISTIC
S OF VARIABLES
 MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE

This means that a participant or

respondent cannot possess two
attributes of a variable.
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 CHARACTERISTIC
S OF VARIABLES
 EXHAUSTIVE

This means that the researcher

should consider all possible attributes of
a certain variable.
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 KINDS OF
VARIABLES
 CONTINUOUS VARIABLES

These are variables that may have an

infinite number of values and may vary widely
among the research participants.
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 KINDS OF
VARIABLES
 DISCRETE VARIABLES

These are variables that have specific

limits to their value.

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 KINDS OF
VARIABLES
 CATEGORICAL VARIABLES

These are variables that cannot be

expressed in numbers but are given in
non-quantitative terms.
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