Variance and

Standard Deviation of
the Sampling
Distribution of Means
Without Replacement
EXAMPLE:
A population consists of three numbers (2,4,6).
Consider all possible samples of size 2 which can be
drawn without replacement from the population.

Find the following:

a. Population mean.
b. Population variance.
c. Population standard deviation.
d. Mean of each sample and the mean of the
sampling distribution of means.
e. Variance of the sampling distribution of means
f. Standard deviation of the sampling distribution
of the means.
Alternative method to find the σ2 if
all possible random sample of size n
are chosen from a finite population
without replacement,
  use:
 

σ =2
 σ =2

Where:
= population variance
= population size
= sample size
 
SOLUTION
Observation x x-μ (x – μ)2

1 2

2 4

3 6

= 12
a. Population Mean
 

μ=
Where:
x – given data
N - population size
 a. Population Mean
 

 
μ=

μ=
μ=4
Observation x x-μ (x – μ)2

1 2 2 - 4 = -2 (-2)2 = 4

2 4

3 6

= 12
Observation x x-μ (x – μ)2

1 2 2 - 4 = -2 (-2)2 = 4

2 4 0 0

3 6 2 4

= 12
Observation x x-μ (x – μ)2

1 2 2 - 4 = -2 (-2)2 = 4

2 4 0 0

3 6 2 4

= 12 =8
 b. Population Variance
 

σ =2

Where:
x – given data
 
N - population size
 b. Population Variance
 

σ =
2
 

 
σ =
2

σ = 2
 c. Population Standard
 
Deviation

σ=
Where:
x – given data
 
N - population size
 c. Population Standard
 
Deviation

 
σ=
σ=
σ = 1.63
Observation Sample x̄ x̄ - (x̄ - )2

(2,4)
(2,6)
(4,2)
(4,6)
(6,2)
(6,4)
Observation Sample x̄ x̄ - (x̄ - )2

1 (2,4)
2 (2,6)
3 (4,2)
4 (4,6)
5 (6,2)
6 (6,4)
Observation Sample x̄ x̄ - (x̄ - )2

1 (2,4) (2+4)÷2=3

2 (2,6)
3 (4,2)
4 (4,6)
5 (6,2)
6 (6,4)
Observation Sample x̄ x̄ - (x̄ - )2

1 (2,4) (2+4)÷2=3

2 (2,6) 4
3 (4,2) 3
4 (4,6) 5
5 (6,2) 4
6 (6,4) 5
= 24
D.  

μ x̄ =
Where:
x̄ – sample mean
n – total number of observations
e.  

μ x̄ =
 

μ x̄ =
 

μ x̄ =
Observation Sample x̄ x̄ - (x̄ - )2

1 (2,4) (2+4)÷2=3 3-4=-1

2 (2,6) 4
3 (4,2) 3
4 (4,6) 5
5 (6,2) 4
6 (6,4) 5
= 24
Observation Sample x̄ x̄ - (x̄ - )2

1 (2,4) (2+4)÷2=3 3-4=-1

2 (2,6) 4 0
3 (4,2) 3 -1
4 (4,6) 5 1
5 (6,2) 4 0
6 (6,4) 5 1
= 24
Observation Sample x̄ x̄ - (x̄ - )2

1 (2,4) (2+4)÷2=3 3-4=-1 (-1)2 = 1

2 (2,6) 4 0
3 (4,2) 3 -1
4 (4,6) 5 1
5 (6,2) 4 0
6 (6,4) 5 1
= 24
Observation Sample x̄ x̄ - (x̄ - )2

1 (2,4) (2+4)÷2=3 3-4=-1 (-1)2 = 1

2 (2,6) 4 0 0
3 (4,2) 3 -1 1
4 (4,6) 5 1 1
5 (6,2) 4 0 0
6 (6,4) 5 1 1
= 24 =4
e. The variance of the sampling
distribution of means is:
 

 
σ =2

σ =2
 

σ = 2
f. The standard deviation of the sampling
distribution of means is:
 

 
σ=
σx̄ =
σx̄ = 0.82
Another method for
computing σ   and σ .
2

σ =
2
  

σ = 2
 

σ =
2

σ =
2
 

σ =
2
 

σ =
2
  

σ=
 

σ=

σ=  
σ=
EXERCISES:
A population consists of three numbers (2,4,6).
Consider all possible samples of size 2 which can be
drawn without replacement from the population.

Find the following:

a. Population mean.
b. Population variance.
c. Population standard deviation.
d. Mean of each sample and the mean of the
sampling distribution of means.
e. Variance of the sampling distribution of means
f. Standard deviation of the sampling distribution
of the means.