URINARY

SYSTEM
Objectives and Learning
Outcomes
At the end of this discussion, the students will be able to:

 Name the parts of the Urinary System and discuss the function of each
part.

 Describe the organization of the nephron and discuss the function of each
part.

 Describe the blood flow in the kidney.

Overview of the Urinary
System
Elimination of waste products
 Metabolic wastes
 Substances in excess
 Toxic Foreign Materials
Regulate aspects of homeostasis
 Water Balance
 Electrolytes
 Acid-Base balance in the blood
 Blood Pressure
 Red Blood cell production
 Activation of Vitamin D
 KIDNEYS
Kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped organs.
Filters about 1700 liters of blood daily in the average adult.
 Functions of the
Kidneys:
■ Excretion of urine
■ Regulation
■ Secretion of Hormones
- renin (regulation of blood pressure)
- erythropoietin (stimulates the production of RBCs)
- Vitamin D (regulation of calcium levels)
 Reabsorption
Nephrons Renal Tubule
Function of the
Nephron

 It is responsible mainly for the

production of urine- in order to get
rid of waste substances.
Three division of
Renal Tubule
■ Proximal convoluted tubule

■ Loop of Henle

■ Distal convoluted tubule

Proximal convoluted tubule

Site for maximal resorption of the nephron

Maintains the electrolyte and acid-base balance of the body fluids.

Loop of Henle (Nephron Loop)

Site for Reabsorption of water and sodium chloride from the filtrate.

Distal convoluted tubule

Site for reabsorption of sodium ions and water

 Maintains the pH and sodium-potassium level in the blood cells