Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Pendahuluan: Ict and Organization:Process and Factors
Pendahuluan: Ict and Organization:Process and Factors
Pendahuluan: Ict and Organization:Process and Factors
PENDAHULUAN
ICT AND ORGANIZATION :PROCESS AND
FACTORS
1. Introduction
2. Organization, communication and technology
3. Innovation, organization and diffusion
4. Organization, environment and individuals
5. Factors influencing the adoption, implementation,
use and effects
Introduction
The emergence of ICT has radically altered a number of
aspects of both the way we live and the way we work. In
today’s working environment, an office without a personal
computer (PC) is unthinkable, and those of us who cannot be
reached at work by e-mail have some explaining to do – as
does a company that does not have its own website.
In this chapter we define the process of adoption,
implementation, use and effects of ICT in organizations using
the work of a number of important authors and researchers in
this area. Next, we will address the factors that have an
influence on the course of this process
ORGANIZATION, COMMUNICATION AND TECHNOLOGY
First, the effects of a technology on people and
organizations can never fully be established in advance
Secondly, it has become sufficiently clear that the
introduction of a new technology does not automatically lead
to the realization of all kinds of positive effects of that
technology
determine the suitability of a specific form of ICT within an
organization, and also provides insight into the interaction
between the characteristics of the technology and
(processes within) an organization.
Penyesuaian bentuk TIK dalam suatu
organisasi
Diffusion of innovations
• innovators, who are actively looking for information regarding new ideas and who adopt these
innovations at a very early stage;
• early adopters, who often play the role of opinion leaders within the community of which they are a
member, and who adopt innovation at a relatively early stage, but are less venturesome than innovators;
• early majority, those units of adoption that adopt an innovation before the ‘average’ person or
organization does so;
• late majority, the group that is somewhat sceptical and waits until the ‘average’ person or organization
has adopted the innovation before deciding to do so themselves; and
• laggards, conservative individuals or organizations with few external contacts and a primarily
suspicious attitude towards new ideas, who will not adopt an innovation until a very late stage (or not at
all).
social system