1.

HEAT WAVES

2. FOREST FIRE

3. BLIZZARDS

4. AVALANCHE

1210A047
P.Venkat
 Agenda

- What

- Causes

- Effects

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Heat Waves

- Def : A heat wave is a prolonged period of excessively hot

weather with high humidity.

- Heat Waves are relative to the regional temperature

- In general it occurs in Dog days of Summer season

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 Effected Area’s

- Desert, semi-desert, and Mediterranean-type climates.

- Cities of High Temperature Region

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Heat Waves
Effects:

- Expansion in metallic equipment like Railway

Tracks.

- Agricultural loss

- Hyperthermia resulting in dearths .

- Sociological effects

- Extensive usage of power to keep things cool

- Physical Damage

- Wild Fires

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 Causes of Heat Wave:

- Global Warming
- Layers depletion
- Extreme Temperature near equator
- Volcanic Eruption

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Deadliest Incidents
Heat Waves

Rank Death toll Event Location Date

1. 40,000 European heat wave Europe 2003

2. 1,500 Southern India heat wave India 2003

3. 15,000 Russian heat wave Russia 2010

Portugal - 48
Spain - 45.2
France - 40
Netherlands - 37.8
Germany- 40.5

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 Forest Fires
- Known as
- Wild Fires
- Bush Fire
- Grass fire
- Hill fire Peat fire, vegetation fire,  veld fire and wild land
fire .

- Uncontrolled fire in combustible vegetation that

occurs in the countryside or a wilderness area.

- Spreads at Large size and Speed.

- Potential to change Direction Unexpectedly.

- It can jump over large water bodies and

Divisions.

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Causes:
Four major natural causes
- Lightning
- Volcanic eruption.
- Sparks from rock falls.
- Spontaneous combustion.
Forest Fires
Other Cause:
- Discarded cigarettes
- Sparks from equipment
- Power line arcs 
- Cigarette Butts
- United States, Canada, and Northwest China,
lightning is the major source.
- Other parts of world its human causes.
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 Forest Fires
Effects:

- Climate Changes

- Loss of Green world

- Loss of life

- Human Infections through Smoke

- Global Warming

Recent Forest Fire in Melbourne, Australia in 2009

By Fuel and Chemical Dump – Human Source

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 Blizzards
A severe condition characterized by , low temperatures, heavy snowfall, and strong
winds.

- Wind – approximately > than 35 miles per hour

- Visibility – approximately < than 1/4th mile
- Lasting for 3 hours or more….

- It brings Whiteout which reduces visibility to zero

- It paralyzes the region or areas of its occurrence.

- Two major types.

- Traditional Blizzards
- Where above conditions reflect.
- Ground Blizzards
- Strong winds which blows old snow
already present.

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 Different Blizzards

• Iran Blizzard – Deadliest in History

• North American Blizzard – In 3 Chunks .
• Halloween Blizzard or Arctic region.
• Lake Effect Blizzard.
• Saskatchewan blizzard of 2007.

Effects:
- Damages roads and economics
- Shutdown normal and easy going of life.

Causes:
- Global Warming
- Winds in Low pressure combining with
the moisture.
- Storms and Cyclones.
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 Avalanche
 Snow flowing down the slope rapidly.

 Occurs in mountainous terrain.

 Mixes Air water with the descending snow.

 They are classified by their destructive potential
and morphological characteristics.

Major Types:
- Slab Avalanche
- Loose or point release Avalanche.
- Wet snow or isothermal Avalanche.

Other types:
- Slush flow
- Power cloud
- Spin drift Avalanche.

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 Avalanche
Causes:
- Temperature
- Terrain
- Human Disturbance
- Slope
- Wind or Fast flowing Air
- Water
- Natural breakage.
- Heavy snowfall

Effects:
- Destruction to property and life
- Floods
- Loss of Vegetation.
 Deadliest Avalanche – 1910
• March 1 - Wellington avalanche killed 96.
• March 3 - 62 railroad workers were killed in
the Rogers Pass avalanche in British Columbia.

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 References

- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki

- http://www.abc-of-nowboarding.com/info

- http://www.environmentalgraffiti.com

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 Queries

Questions ?

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Thank You

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