CHAPTER II

LESSON 5
19th CENTURY PHILIPPINES
 The conditions of Europe, America and Spain
 French Revolution of 1789.
 Europe went up in revolution from 184
8.
 In 1861 Tsar Alexander emancipated
Russian serfs.
• That year, the Italians, under Giuseppe G
aribaldi, threw out the Austrians and took
over the papal lands.
 In the United States President Abraha
m Lincoln emancipated the black slav
es but also triggered the American Civi
l War which lasted from 1861 to 1865.
COLONIES OF SPAIN THAT HAVE WON
THEIR INDEPENDENCE
South and Central America, such as
Mexico Chile, Argentina, Venezuela,
Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Nicaragua, El
Salvador, Honduras,
REMAINING COLONIES OF SPAIN
The Philippines, Cuba, Puerto Rico, and
the Spanish Sahara.

.
Economic and Political Situation of the
Philippines
 the abolition of the Galleon trade and the opening of the
Philippines to world trade in 1830
1881 drawing of the Suez
Canal
Construction began25
September 1859
Date completed 17
November 1869
The canal in 2015
Rizal was able to read various European
Literature's such as Alexander Dumas' The
Count of Monte Cristo and the Three
Musketeers
The end of Spain's wars with the Dutch and the British,
as well as the nullification of the slave raiding activities of
the Moro, also led to the development of agricultural
lands and the discovery of new frontiers in the
Philippines.
These developments however did not help in bridging
the gap between the local elites and the poor and
marginalized sectors in the country. This gap led to
different revolts such as the Basi Revolts in Ilocos Sur
and Ilocos Norte during the early 19th century.
 The implementation of the
Cadiz Constitution in 1812
also provided a brief legal
justification for the quest for
equality since it was slated in
the document that all citizens
of Spain, including those in
the colonies, were equal
under the law.
Gomburza, alternatively stylized as
GOMBURZA or GomBurZa, refers to
three Filipino Catholic priests (Mariano
Gómez, José Burgos, and Jacinto
Zamora) who were executed by garrote
on 17 February 1872 in Bagumbayan,
Philippines by Spanish colonial
authorities on charges of subversion
arising from the 1872 Cavite mutiny.
Some movements such as the
Cofradia de San Jose in Tayabas,
Quezon, on the other hand, had
more religious overtones that
challenged the dominance of the
Catholic Church and the
discrimination between the
religious orders and secular
priests.
The Filipinos in this time were unfortunate victims of the evils of an unjust,
biased and deteriorating power.
These are:
1.Instability of colonial administration
2. Corrupt Colonial Officials
3. No Philippine Representation in Spanish Cortes
4. Human Rights Denied to Filipinos
5. No Equality Before the Law
6. Maladministration of Justice
7. Racial Discrimination
8. Frailocracy
9. Forced Labor
10. The Guardia Civil
Education and the Rise of the Illustrados
Filipino and Chinese Mestizo
Thank You :)
Credit to :LORD EILEEN M. LAGRISOLA, LPT

Prof. Antonio A. Maligaya

Instructor