COLLEGE OF COMPUTING AND

INFORMATICS

DEPARTEMENT OF INFORMATION
SYSTEM

SEMINAR PRESENTATION OF WIRELESS NETWORK

SECTION B
GROUP-5
NAME IDNO
1.Bayisa Ababa…………………………………………………………………CIR/088/10
2.Bilisuma Chimdesa………………………………………………………….CIR/095/10
3.Gashehun Asnake………………………………………………………………CIR/116/10

SUBMITTED TO MR. WENDOSEN

 Generation of network

•1G,
 was the first generation of mobile networks.
 Here basically radio signals were transmitted in analogue form, one was not able to do more than
sending text messaging and making calls, and the network was available only within the country.
 The 1G (First Generation) cellular systems, mainly analog system, had a bandwidth ranging from
10 to 30 KHz depending on system type and service.
 Offered data rates were around 10 Kbps after analog to digital conversion
 Radio access scheme was FDMA and switching was all circuit, suitable for voice services.
 2G

 were based on narrow band of digital networks, where signals transmitted in the digital format and
this dramatically improved the quality of calls and also reduced the complexity of data
transmission.
 digital networks (1991) let us send messages and travel (with roaming services)
 The first phase of the 2G (Second Generation) GSM systems offered a data rate up to 9.6 Kbps and
increased in the second phase and phase+ to reach a peak rate of more than 300Kbps with
bandwidth of 200 KHz
 These 2G systems provided circuit-switched data communication services at a low speed
 3G 

 has become popular largely thanks to the ability of users to access the Internet over devices like
mobiles and tablets.
 The speed of data transmission on a 3G network ranges between 384KBPS to 2MBPS.
 3G is good option for users who wanted to stay connected to the internet.
 The approved access scheme for the 3G was CDMA and switching continued to be circuit in addition
to packet
 Goal is to provide multimedia multirate mobile communication any time any where
 Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) was the first technical standard used for 3G.
 More modern forms of 3G are High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) and HSPA+. The latter allows for
faster speeds up to 42Mbps, twice that of HSPA
 4G 

 4G's headline download speed is 100Mbps and a blistering 50Mbps for upload. This makes 4G is more
than twice as fast as the latest 3G technology and many more times faster than previous versions.
 Switching was approved to be packet only- all IP, and radio access changed from CDMA to OFDMA
and SC-FDMA.
 Integration of cellular ,broadcast, cordless ,wireless LAN , short range fixed wire system to appear as
a single seamless network
 Accessing information anywhere, anytime, with a seamless connection to a wide range of
information and services, and receiving a large volume of information, data, pictures, video, and
so on, are the keys of the 4G infrastructures.
 WHAT IS 5G?

 5G Technology stands for 5th Generation Mobile technology.

 The 5th generation of wireless networks addresses the evolution beyond mobile internet to massive IoT
(Internet of Things) from 2019/2020 onwards.

 5G (Fifth Generation mobile and wireless networks) can be a completed wireless communication without
limitation, which bring us perfect real world wireless – World Wide Wireless Web (WWWW).

 In a few years, we may be able to download a full-length HD movie in six seconds, while 4G require
seven minutes and 3G require more than an hour to download the same.

 5G technology has extraordinary data capabilities and has ability to tie together unrestricted call
volumes and infinite data broadcast within latest mobile operating system.
 5G technology has a bright future because it can handle best technologies and offer priceless
handset to their customers. May be in coming days 5G technology takes over the world market.
 5G Technologies have an extraordinary capability to support Software and Consultancy.
 …con..
 The Router and switch technology used in 5G network providing high connectivity.
 The 5G technology distributes internet access to nodes within the building and can be deployed
with union of wired or wireless network connections.

 This next generation of wireless technology is intended to provide download speeds of 20 gigabits
per second (Gbps), 10 Gbps upload speeds, and latency of one millisecond (ms).
 This represents download speeds 200 faster (upload speeds 100 faster) compared to current Long
Term Evolution (LTE) networks (i.e. 4G), as well as one-tenth the latency of 4G.
 5G represents an advance in mobile technology and, as mobile networks can be thought of as
providing extensions of fixed networks, it will add to broadband capabilities across all parts of
digital economies and societies.
5G technology is driven by 8 specification
requirements:
 Importance of 5 G network
 Support the introduction of new applications and services at higher speeds with lower latency.
 Improve firm efficiency and innovation through increased download speeds of broadband
services and the use of more effective cloud solutions that rely on low latency.
 Enable greater use of IoT services and applications (including mission critical services)
that may rely on low latency and ultra-reliable broadband, and thus:
 improve health outcomes through IoT devices that will allow tailored services (e.g. remote surgery)
in a timely fashion, and
 improve industrial productivity through, for example, remote robotics or haptic technology.
 Promote new forms of competition in mobile and fixed broadband markets
 1000x
Mobile Data
10x-100x 5x
Volumes
Connected Devices Lower Latency

10x-100x
End-user Data Rates
10x
2G 3G 4G 5G Battery Life for Low Power Devices

Source: METIS
 What is 5G low latency? 

 5G technology offers an extremely low latency rate, the delay between the sending and receiving of
information. From 200 milliseconds for 4G, we go down to 1 millisecond (1ms) with 5G

What makes 5G faster?

 The use of shorter frequencies (millimeter waves between 30GHz and 300GHz) for 5G networks is
the reason why 5G can be faster. 
 According to communication principles, the shorter the frequency, the larger the bandwidth.
But here is the part where you understand 5G is a lot more than that
 The average reaction time for humans to a visual stimulus is 250 ms or 1/4 of a second.
 Imagine now that your car could react 250 times faster than you.
 Imagine it could react also to hundreds of incoming information and can also communicate its
reactions back to other vehicles and road signals all within milliseconds
 PROPERTIES

 Worldwide cellular phone: Phone calls in any country can be done easily like a
local phone call.
 Extraordinary data capabilities: Data capabilities of the 5G system is much more
higher than other generation so you can store more number of data with less
problem in storing them.
 High connectivity: Connectivity speed of 5G is almost 25 Mbps.
 More power & features in hand held phones: You'll have all features of PDA &
laptops in your mobile phone, which makes it more powerful.
 Large phone memory, more dialing speed, more clarity in audio & video 
 ..con….

 Ultra-low latency: “Latency” refers to the time it takes one device to send a packet
of data to another device.
 A more “connected world”: The Internet of Things (smart home appliances,
connected cars etc.) is expected to grow exponentially over the next 10 years, and it
will need a network that can have capacity for billions of connected devices.
 5G will provide capacity and bandwidth as per the needs of user.
 Bi-directional large BW
 Uploading & Downloading speed of 5G touching the peak (up to 1 Gbps)
 …con..

Advantages:
The advantages of the 5G technology are as follows:
High security
More efficient
 It posses very high speed, high capacity and low cost per bit.
 It supports multimedia, voice, and internet.
 …con…

 It also offers global access and service portability.

 It has very high uploading and downloading speed.
 It offers high resolution and bi-directional large bandwidth for mad mobile users.
 Globally accessible
 Available at low cost
 …Con….

Disadvantages:
The following are the disadvantages of the 5G technology:
 It is an under processing technology.
 It is difficult to get a high speed in some parts of the world.
 Security and privacy are yet to be solved.
 Many old machines will not support 5G.
 Why is there a need for 5G?

The major difference, from a user point of view, between current generations and expected 5G techniques
must be something else than increased maximum throughput; other requirements include:
 Lower battery consumption.
 Lower outage probability; better coverage and high data rates available at cell edge.
 Multiple concurrent data transfer paths.
 Around 1Gbps data rate in mobility.
 More secure; better cognitive radio/SDR Security.
 Higher system level spectral efficiency.
 Worldwide wireless web (WWWW), wireless-based web applications that include full multimedia
capability beyond 4G speeds.
 More applications combined with artificial intelligent (AI) as human life will be surrounded by artificial
sensors which could be communicating with mobile phones.
 Not harmful to human health.
  
Performance targets

 5G systems in line with IMT-2020 specifications are expected to provide enhanced device and network-level
capabilities, tightly coupled with intended applications. The following eight parameters are key capabilities for IMT-
2020 5G:
Capability Description 5G target Usage scenario
Peak data rate Maximum achievable data rate 20 Gbit/s eMBB
User experienced data
rate
Achievable data rate across the coverage area 1 Gbit/s eMBB

Latency Radio network contribution to packet travel time 1 ms URLLC

Maximum speed for handoff and QoS
Mobility 500 km/h eMBB/URLLC
requirements
Connection density Total number of devices per unit area 106/km2 MMTC
Data sent/received per unit energy consumption
Energy efficiency Equal to 4G eMBB
(by device or network)

Spectrum Throughput per unit wireless bandwidth and per

3–4x 4G eMBB
efficiency network cell
 Hardware & Software of 5G
5G Hardware:
• Uses UWB (Ultra Wide Band)
networks with higher BW at low
energy levels
• BW is of 4000 Mbps, which is 400
times faster than today’s wireless
networks
• Uses smart antenna
• Uses CDMA (Code Division
Multiple Access)
5G Software:
• 5G will be single unified standard
of different wireless networks,
including LAN technologies,
LAN/WAN, WWWW- World Wide
Wireless Web, unified IP &
seamless combination of
broadband
• Software defined radio,
encryption, flexibility, Anti-Virus
 COMPARISON OF 1G TO 5G TECHNOLOGIES
Technology 1G 2G/2.5G 3G 4G 5G
Deployment 1970/1984 1980/1999 1990/2002 2000/2010 2014/2015
Bandwidth 2kbps 14-64kbps 2mbps 200mbps >1gbps
Unified ip &seamless combo of
Technology Analog cellular Digital cellular Broadbandwidth/cdma/
LAN/WAN/WLAN/PAN
ip technology 4G+WWWW

Dynamic information access,

Service Mobile Digital voice,short Integrated high quality Dynamic information access,
variable devices variable devices
messaging audio, video & data
telephony with AI capabilities

Multiplexing FDMA TDMA/CDMA CDMA CDMA CDMA

Circuit/circuit for access
Switching Circuit network&air interface
Packet except for air All packet All packet
interface

Core network PSTN PSTN Packet network Internet Internet

Handoff Horizontal Horizontal Horizontal Horizontal&Vertic Horizontal&Vertic

al al
 CHALLENGES FACING 5G

A. Integration of various standards: One of the big challenges facing 5G is

standardization. There are already multiple groups working to come up with
standards around interoperability, backward compatibility with older technologies
(4G, 3G), and making sure the network will be future-proof.

B. Common Platform: There is no common architecture for interconnecting various

engineering practices. One common governing body is required, which creates a
common platform for all engineering practices to regularize the interconnectivity
issues as well as knowledge sharing.
 …con…
C. Building the infrastructure: It is a huge task, with issues around spectrum and
installing new antennas. 5G is likely going to rely, at least in part, on higher-frequency
bands. There is more space in those airwaves available, but at such high frequencies,
signals can’t travel nearly as far as they can over the frequencies used for 4G, resulting
in a poor connection.

D. Obstacles: Like buildings, trees and even bad weather can also cause interference. To
offset that, carriers will need to install more base stations to ensure better coverage,
and use antenna technologies like MIMO.
 APPLICATIONS OF 5G

 Some of the applications of 5G are:

 We can able to charge our mobile using our own heart beat

 We can able to feel our grandmother’s sugar level with our mobile

 We can able to know the exact time of our child birth in nano seconds.

 Our mobile rings according to our mood.

 …con…
 We can vote from our mobile

 We can able to visualize lively all the planets and universe. Also we can able
to navigate a train for which we are waiting.

 We can able to view our residence in our mobile when someone enters and
also when some once opens our intelligent car.

 We can able pay all our bills in a single payment with our mobile.
THANKYOU