QUADRATIC

EQUATIONS
 GROUP MEMBERS
• Syeda Azka Ali.
• Muhammad Tayyab.
• Muhammad Kashif.
• Hamza Iftikhar.
• Mati Ullah.
 CONTENT
• Introduction.
• Factorization.
• Completing the square.
• General quadratic formula.
• Daily uses of quadratic equations.
• Practice questions.
 INTRODUCTION
• In algebra, the word quadratic is derived from a Latin word
”quadratum” which means a square figure.
• The form that a quadratic equation follows is:
ax2 + bx + c = 0
where;
x= unknown value/variable
a,b,c= real values/numeral coefficients AND a≠0
• The values of x that satisfy the equation are called solutions of
the equation and are also known as the roots or answers to
the equation.
• It is an equation in which the variable’s highest power is up to
2 in any case.
WAYS TO SOLVE A QUADRATIC EQUATION

• The following are the three common ways to solve a quadratic

equation:
1. Factorization.
2. Completing the square.
3. General quadratic formula.
 FACTORIZATION
• With the quadratic equation in this form:
ax2 + bx + c = 0
• Step 1: Find two numbers that multiply to give ac (in other words a times
c), and add to give b.
• Step 2: Rewrite the middle with those numbers.

• Step 3: Factor the first two and last two terms separately:

• Step 4:  If we've done this correctly, our two new terms should have a
clearly visible common factor.
 COMPLETING THE SQUARE
• Step 1: Divide all terms by a (the coefficient of x2).
• Step 2: Move the number term (c/a) to the right side
of the equation.
• Step 3: Complete the square on the left side of the
equation and balance this by adding the same value to
the right side of the equation.
• Step 4: Take the square root on both sides of the
equation.
• Step 5: Subtract the number that remains on the left
side of the equation to find x.
 GENERAL QUADRATIC FORMULA
• The Quadratic Formula is derived from the process of completing the
square.
• The formula is:

• The plus minus symbol "±" indicates that:

• PROCEDURE: Just plug in the values of a, b and c, and do the calculations.

The quantity in the square root is called the discriminant or D.(b2 − 4ac)
For example:
 USES IN DAILY LIFE
1. Figuring a profit:
For instance, you're selling glasses of lemonade, and you want
to make 12 glasses. So, to decide where to set your price,
use P as a variable. You've estimated the demand for glasses
of lemonade to be at 12 - P. Your revenue, therefore, will be
the price times the number of glasses sold: P times 12 minus
P, or 12P - P^2. Using however much your lemonade costs to
produce, you can set this equation equal to that amount and
choose a price from there.
2. Quadratics in athletes:
For example, you throw a ball into the air and have your friend
catch it, but you want to give her the precise time it will take
the ball to arrive. Use the velocity equation, which calculates
the height of the ball based on a parabolic or quadratic
equation. Begin by throwing the ball at 3 meters, where your
hands are. Also assume that you can throw the ball upward
at 14 meters per second, and that the earth's gravity is
reducing the ball's speed at a rate of 5 meters per second
squared. From this, we can calculate the height, h, using the
variable t for time, in the form of h = 3 + 14t - 5t^2. If your
friend's hands are also at 3 meters in height, how many
seconds will it take the ball to reach her? To answer this, set
the equation equal to 3 = h, and solve for t. The answer is
approximately 2.8 seconds.
3. Modern day telescopes:
For a parabolic mirror, a reflecting telescope or a satellite dish,
the shape is defined by a quadratic equation. All the light that
hits the parabola gets sent to the focus so it is possible for you
to see stars and galaxies you cannot see with your naked eye.
4. Quadratic equations are also needed when studying lenses
and curved mirrors.
5. And many questions involving time, distance and speed
calculations need quadratic equations.
PRACTICE QUESTIONS