LESSON 9

GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHY
Penonal,Joyce Faith C Salonoy,Klinth Jifford Sumalinog, Jessamae Tabar, Dennissa

Reporter Reporter
Reporter Reporter
Researcher Researcher
Researcher Researcher
PPT Maker
Learning Outcomes
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

1. Discuss the relationship between population and economic

welfare.
2. Identify the effects of aging and overpopulation; and
3. Differentiate between contrasting positions over
reproductive health
 THE GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHY
Global
 relating to the whole world; worldwide.

Demography
 is the statistical study of populations, especially human
beings.
 Family will have a successor
generation that will continue its
name.

A few worry how much strain a

child can bring to the household.

Will the child be an economic asset or a burden to the family?

Rural communities
 typically have smaller populations and an agricultural
setting, but some areas contain forests.
 Often welcome an extra hand to help in crop
cultivation,particularly during the planting and harvesting
seasons.
Urban community 
 is something which an individual thought as, an area with
high density of population, an area with the availability of
basic requirements, an area of good resources, the area
has lots of opportunity of employment and such an area
which can be considered as life-giving for luxurious desires
of human or individual. 
 Urban Population have grown but not necessarily because
families are having more children. It is rather the combination
of natural outcome of significant migration to the cities by
people seeking work in the “more modern” sectors of society.
 THE “PERILS” OF OVERPOPULATION
Urbanization
 the process by which towns and cities are
formed and become larger as more and
more people begin living and working in
central areas.

Industrialization
  a transformation away from an
agricultural- or resource-based economy,
toward an economy based on mass
manufacturing.
Thomas Robert Malthus

 A British Schlar
 Wrote the book “An Essay on the principle of population” published in
1798.
 In that book he warned that population growth will inevitably exhaust
world food supply by the middle of the 19th century.

Paul R. Ehrlich and his wife Anne H. Ehrlich

 They wrote “The Population Bomb”.
 It argued that overpopulation in the 1970s and 1980s will bring about
global environmental disasters that lead to food shortage and mass
starvation.
Their Recommendations ranged from:

Policy Monetary Institution-

Bizzare
Oriented Incentives Building

The annual growth rate of population rose :

3%
2.06%
2%
1.8%
1%

0
55

75
60

70
6
19

19
19

19

19
 As early as 1958, the American policy journal,
Foreign Affairs, had already advocated “contraception
and sterialization” as the practical solutions to global
economic,social, and political problems.

Finally, politics determine these “birth control”

programs. Developed countries justify their support
for population control in developing countries by
depicting the latter as conservative societes.
 THEORIES OF POPULATION
Malthusian Theory
Mention 3 Factors that would control human population that
exceeded the earths carrying capacity.

War Famine Disease

Thomas Robert Malthus termed them as "positive checks"

because they increase Death rates.
Cornucopian Theory
 Scoffs at the idea of humans wiping themselves out. It
assertals that human ingenuity can resolve environmental
or social issues.

Demographic Transition Theory

 Refers to the historical shift from high birth rates and high
infant death rates to low birth rates and low death rates
with advance technology, education and economic
development.
Zero Population Growth
Advocates for a goal of
zero population growth
(ZPG) in which the
number of people
entering a population
through birth or
immigration is equal to
the number of people
leaving it via death or
emigration.
 WOMEN AND REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS
 Women is often the subject of these
population measures. Reproductive rights
supporters argue that if population control
and economic development were to reach
their goals, women must have control
over whether they will have children or
not and when they will have their
progenies, if any.
 “the human rights of women include their right to have
control over and decide freely and responsibly on matters
related to their sexuality, including sexual and reproductive
health, free of coercion, discrimination and violence. ”

 Women’s sexual and reproductive health is related to

multiple human rights, including the right to life, the right
to be free from torture, the right to health, the
right to privacy, the right to education, and
the prohibition of discrimination.
Moreover, the more educated a woman is the
better are her prospects of improving her economic
position.” Women can spend most of the time
pursuing either their higher education or their
careers, instead of forcibly reducing this time to
take care of their children.”

A country being industrialized and developed,

however, does not automatically assure pro-women
reproductive regulations.
 THE FEMINIST PERSPECTIVE
 Feminists - approach the issue of reproductive rights
from another angle. They are, foremost, against any
form of population control because they are compulsory
by nature, resorting to a carrot-and-stick approach that
actually does not empower women.

 They believe that government assumptions that poverty

and environmental degradation are caused by
overpopulation are wrong.
Feminist also point out that here is very little
evidence that point to overpopulation as the
culprit behind poverty and ecological devastation.

Hence, globally women’s and feminist arguments

on reproductive rights and overpopulation are
acknowledge, but the struggle to turn them into
policy is still fought at the national level.
POPULATION GROWTH AND FOOD SECURITY

The world population is the total number of

living humans on Earth.

Today’s global population has reached 7.4

billion, and it is estimated to increase to 9.5
billion in 20,50 then 11.2 billion by 2100.
 The current population of the Philippines is 110,695,150
as of Thursday, April 8, 2021, based on World meter
elaboration of the latest United Nations data.

Some of the reasons for the

Philippines' rapidly growth in
population are poverty, Poor
Contraceptive Use, Child Labor,
Reduced Mortality Rates,
Fertility Treatment,
Immigration and etc.
 EFFECT ON POPULATION GROWTH ON ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT

Population growth affects economic development in two ways

 Promoting the economic development
 Retarding the economic development

Promoting the Economic Development:

 Increase the per capita product
 Rise in labor productivity
 Population growth as a source of capital formation.
Factors retarding economic growth:
Environment Social
infrastructure
Agriculture
development Per capita income
Urbanization
Over use of resources
Investment
 WORLD’S POPULATION AND FOOD SUPPLY

 Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the United

Nations has done much to publicize the fact that a large
percentage of the world's people are undernourished.
 Food Safety Act of 2013. Republic Act (RA) No. 10611
 Population and income are the major factors in
determining food consumption.
 World food demand is growing at a rate of 2% per year
1.8% of this because of population increase and .2%
because of rising income.
LESSON 10: GLOBAL
MIGRATION
PUREZA, SHERYL MAE ROSALES, JENNYMAR

(Researcher and Researcher, Reporter,

Reporter) PPT
Maker
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this lesson, students
should be able to:
1. Identify the reasons for the
migration of people;
2. Explain why states regulate
migration; and
3. Discuss the effects of global migration on
the economic well-being of states.
“WHAT IS
MIGRATION?”
Reporter:
Ms. Sheryl Mae
Pureza
MIGRATIO
N  movement of people from one place
to another
 associated with better human capital at
both individual and household level and
better ac c ess to migration network
 TYPES OF
MIGRATION
 Internal Migration- refers to people moving
from one place to another within one
country
 International Migration- refers to people
who cross borders of one country to
another
FIVE
GROUPS
1. Immigrants are those who move permanently
to another country
2. Workers who stay in another c ountry for a
fixed period of time
3.Illegal immigrants
4.Migrants whose families have “petitioned”
5. Refugees unable or unwilling to return
because of a well-founded fear of persecution
TOP THREE REGIONS ORIGIN

 Latin America 18%

 Eastern Europe and Central Asia
16%
 Middle East and North Afric a 14%
TOP TEN MIGRANT
SENDING
COUNTRIES
India Pakistan
Mexico Ukraine
Russia Philippine
China s Syria
Bangladesh United
Kingdom
 Fifty percent of global
migrants have moved
from the developing
c ountries to the
developed zones of the
world.
REASONS FOR
MIGRATI0N
 Economic migration moving to find work or follow
a particular c areer path
 Social migration moving somewhere for a
better quality of life or to be closer to family
and friends
 Political migration moving to escape
political prosecution or war
 Environmental causes include natural disasters
such as flooding
PUSH AND
PULL FACTORS
 Push factors are the
reasons why people
leave an area.

 Pull factors are the

reasons why people
move to a partic ular
area.
“BENEFITS AND DETRIMENTS
FOR THE SENDING
COUNTRIES”Reporter:
Ms. Sheryl
Pureza
 Even if 90 percent of the value generated by
migrant workers remains in their host countries,
they have sent billions back to their home
countries (2014, their remittances totaled $580
billion.)

| A s of 2014
BENEFIT
S  Remittances: Migrants may send money/goods
back home. This may help raise living standards
of their origins.
 Acquisition of new skills by migrants (brain
gain)
 Reduction in population pressure on
agricultural lands
 Decline in the rate of unemployment
 Reduction in pressure in soc ial amenities
DETRIMENT
S  Shortage of labour
 Reduction in size of market
 Food shortage, especially if
youth moves leaving aged and
women
 Brain drain
 “THE PROBLEM OF
HUMAN
TRAFFICKING”
Reporter:
Ms. Jennymar
Rosales
WHAT IS HUMAN
TRAFFICKING?
 involves the use of force, fraud, or c oercion
to obtain some type of labor or commercial
sex act.
 victims c an be any age, rac e, gender,
or nationality.
 Traffickers might use violence,
manipulation, or
false promises.
DIFFERENT FORMS OF
HUMAN
TRAFFICKING :
TRAFFICKING
FOR FORCED
LABOUR
 Victims recruited and
trafficked using
deception and coercion
and find themselves
held in conditions of
slavery in a variety of
jobs.
 TRAFFICKING FOR
FORCED
CRIMINAL
ACTIVITIES
 Victims are forced to
c arry out a range of
illegal ac tivities,
which in turn
generate income.
TRAFFICKING IN
WOMEN FOR
SEXUAL
EXPLOITATION
 Victims are often
provided with false
travel documents and
find themselves
forced into sexual
exploitation.
TRAFFICKING FOR
THE REMOVAL OF
ORGANS

 C riminals have seized

this opportunity to
exploit the
desperation of
patients and
potential donors.
 PEOPLE
SMUGGLIN
G
 Smugglers may force
migrants to work in
inhumane c onditions
to pay for their illegal
passage across
borders.
TEN COUNTRIES
INVOLVED HUMAN
TRAFFICKING
Afghanista Russia
n China South
Eritrea Sudan Syria
Iran
North Turkmenist
Korea
an
|US report on June 25,
Venezuela
2020
UNITED STATES FEDERAL BUREAU
OF INVESTIGATION
 lists human trafficking as the
third largest criminal a ctivity
worldwide.

INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION

(ILO)

 identified 21 million men, women, and

children as victims of “forced labor”
 90% of the victims (18.7 million) exploited
by private enterprises and entrepreneurs
 22% of the victims (4.5 sexuall
y
million) abused
 68% of the victims(14.2 work
million) under
compulsion in agricultural,
manufacturing, infrastructure, and
domestic activities.
“INTEGRATIO
N”
Reporter:
Ms. Jennymar
Rosales
INTEGRATIO
N  process whereby the quality of
relations among autonomous
social units
 kinship groups, tribes, cities,
trade unions, trade associations,
political parties
GROSS
DOMESTIC
PRODUCT (GDP)
 A measurement
that seeks to
ca pture a
country's
economic output.
ELEMENTS OF GLOBAL
INTEGRATION
 Liberalization - refers to the removal of
these restrictions.
 Privatization - allowing private players
and companies to conduct business.
 Globalization - growing inter-dependence
between countries with regards to business
and trade.
HOW MIGRANTS INTERACT
WITH THEIR NEW HOME
C OUNTRIES?
They may contribute significa ntly
to a host nation’s GDP, but their
a ccess to housing, health ca re,
and educa tion is not easy.
 Migrants from China, India, and
Western Europe often have more
success, while those from the Middle
East, North Africa, and sub-Saharan
Africa face greater challenges in
securing jobs.
LINGUISTIC
DIFFICULTIES
 It may create cleavages or
gaps between migrants and
citizens of receiving countries.
THANK YOU FOR YOUR
TIME!
THE WORLD'S LEADING
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROBLEMS

- PATINDOL, RISHEL MAE

P.
The conserve energy future website lists the following environmental
challenges that the world faces today.

🠶 1. The depredation caused bye industrial and transportation

toxins and plastic in the ground.

🠶 2. Changes in the global weather patterns(flash

floods, extreme snowtorms and the spread of desserts).

🠶 3. Overpopulation.

🠶 4. The exhaustion of the world's natural non renewable

resources from oil reserves to mineral to portable water.
🠶 5. A waste disposal catastrophe due to the exeressive amount of
waste.

🠶 6. The destruction of million- year-old ecosystems and the loss of

biodiversity.

🠶 7. The reduction of oxygyn and the increase in carbon dioxide in the

atmosphere because of deforestation.

🠶 8. The depletion of the ozone layer protecting the planet from sun's
deadly unltraviolet rays due to chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in the
atmosphere.
🠶 9. Deadly acid rain as a result of fossil fuel combustion, toxic chemicals from
erupting volcanoes.

🠶 10. Water pollution arising from industrial.

🠶 11. Urban sprawls that continue to expand as a city turns into a megalopolis.

🠶 12. Pandemic and other threats to public health arising from wastes mixing wuth
drinking water.

🠶 13. A radical alteration of food systems angmd because of genetic modifications in

food production.
MAN-MADE POLLUTION
• Man-made pollutants can threaten human health and compromise
the natural ecosystem and environment.

• Man-made pollution is generally a byproduct of human actions

such as consumption, waste disposal, industrial production,
transportation and energy generation.

• Pollutants can enter the surrounding environment in various ways,

either through the atmosphere, water systems or soil, and can persist for
generations if left untreated.
• AIR POLLUTION
🠶 Air pollution occurs when harmful chemicals or
particulate matter are introduced into the
atmosphere.
• WATER POLLUTION
🠶 Water pollution occurs as bodies of water (oceans, lakes, rivers,
streams, aquifers and atmospheric water) become
contaminated by man-made waste substances.
• SOIL POLLUTION
🠶 Soil pollution occurs as harmful man-made substances leach
into the soil.
• RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION

🠶 Radioactive pollution can result from the improper disposal of

nuclear waste, the accidental discharge of core material from a
nuclear power plant or the detonation of a nuclear explosive
device.
THANK YOU!!!