•MADE BY:::

•VIJAY KUMAR PAL

•SANJEEV AGRAWAL
•DINESH KUMAR CHAWRIYA
•VINOD WAHANE

•UNDER THE GUIDENCE OF:::

•Mr. ANIRUDDHA KANHE
 A fingerprint is the impression left upon any surface with which the finger
comes in contact under pressure.
• The fingerprint pattern of any one individual remains unchanged
for life.
• No two people have exactly
the same fingerprints.
• Twins, triplets, quadruplets
and quintuplets have
completely different prints
• All animals in the order Primates
have fingerprints

A and C are twins

Orangutan
 • The first year for the first known systematic use of fingerprint
identification began in the United States is 1902.
• The New York state prison
system began to use fingerprints
for the identification of criminals in
1903.
• During the first quarter of the 20th
century, more and more local police
identification bureaus established
fingerprint systems.

• In 1924 the Identification Division

of the Federal Bureau of
Investigation (FBI) was established
to provide one central repository
of fingerprints.
• In 1992 the Identification Division was re-established as the
Criminal Justice Information Services Division (CJIS).
Fingerprints are now processed through the
Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System.

• The fingerprints are submitted electronically or by mail, processed

on IAFIS, and a response is returned to the contributing agency
within two hours or less for electronic criminal fingerprint
submissions and twenty-four hours or less for electronic civil
fingerprint submissions.

Fingerprint processing has been

reduced from weeks and months
to
hours and minutes.
 Human fingerprint patterns fall into three main groups:
whorls, loops, and arches.
Loops
the most common type,
accounting for about
Whorls 65% of all fingerprints.
account for 30% of Arches
fingerprints. account for 5%
 Rolling Prints
When we will be rolling the print from “nail edge to nail edge”.
For the fingers on the right hand, we will be rolling from left to right.
Thumbs are rolled in the opposite direction as the fingers: right to left.

• Using the ink and paper method, roll the finger on the ink pad
so that the entire fingerprint pattern area is evenly covered with ink.

• The ink should cover from one edge of the nail to the other and
from the crease of the first joint to the tip of the finger. Using the right
amount of ink is of vital importance.

Too little ink and the

impression will be too light.

Too much ink and the fine

details will run together.
Plain or Flat Prints

• Press the index finger of your right hand onto the ink pad.
• Make sure that the finger is covered in ink.
• Press onto the appropriate spot on the fingerprint card.
• Repeat for each finger and thumb.
Visible – fingerprints that can be
seen with the naked
eye. Example: in blood or
paint

Plastic – fingerprints that leave an

impression on objects.
Example: soap or wax

Latent – fingerprints that are invisible.

Example: on glass
 Two stages
1. Capture Fingerprint image
2. Process image and extract features
3. Store data for comparison or compare with
stored templates
 Image quality
◦ Sharpness
◦ Contrast
◦ Distortion
 Resolution – higher is better
◦ Too low and we cannot
detect the minutiae
 Sensing area
◦ Average fingerprint is about
0.5” x 0.7”
◦ Large area (1.0” x 1.0”)
ensures that overlap effects
(leading to false rejections)
are reduced
 Raw data Extracted
Data features matching template storage
collection Signal
proc.

Match
score

Application decision
Authentication decision
 Secure logins via keyboard modules
 User identification.
 Biometric door locks
 Credit card security
 Weapon activation
 Theft protection