Excreta and Sewage

Disposal
Lesson 3-4
 Lesson 3 - 4 Excreta and
Sewage Disposal

• Excreta and Sewage Disposal

• Excreta-Transmitted Diseases

• Mode of Transmission of Diseases

• Purpose of Excreta and Sewage Disposal

 Lesson 3 - 4 Excreta and
Sewage Disposal

• Methods of Excreta and Sewage Disposal

• Classification of Toilets

• Effects of Disposal System with Water

Carriage ( Sewage System)
 Excreta and Sewage Disposal

Waste matter, such the process of removing

as sweat, urine, or and destroying or
feces, discharged converting the noxious
from the body. substances of sewage
 Excreta and Sewage Disposal
• Responsible for many epidemics
on record which have brought
sickness and death to many
people.
• Protects water resources from
excessive pollution

• Cause gastrointestinal infections including

intestinal parasitism
 Excreta Transmitted Disease
• Linked to certain
intestinal diseases

• This include Cholera,

Typhoid Fever,
Parathyroid Fever,
Amoebic and Bacillary
Dysentery, Infectious
hepatitis and etc.
 Mode of transmission of
Excreta-Transmitted Diseases

Diseased Food
Individuals
Excreta Water
Bacteria Soil
Viruses Hands
Intestinal Flies
Parasites Roaches

Carrier

Susceptible
Individuals
Purpose of Excreta and Sewage
Disposal
• Helps to prevent
gastrointestinal infections
and gross contamination of
drinking water

• Protect and conserve water

resources

• Help promote health and well being

 Methods Of Excreta and
Sewage Disposal
Two major aspects

• Satisfactory Disposal Facilities – one that

satisfies the objectives of excreta and sewage
disposal and is acceptable to the users.

• Continued Proper – use may be attained by

health education of the public.
 Classification of Toilets
A. Excreta Disposal without water carriage
- relatively small quantities of water is necessary

1.
2. Sanitary Pit Latrine
Bored Hole Privy 6. Water-Sealed
5. Overhung Latrine
Latrine

3. Cat-hole
7. Pail System
4. Chemical Toilet
 Sanitary Pit Privy

Pit Type
• four to six feet and
large enough to take
• about
care of50wastes
cubic for
feet
for a family.
several years
 Sanitary Pit Privy

Antipolo Type • the superstructure,

constructed to
provide the necessary
• privacy
It is alsoand
in an
protection from rain
elevated structure.
and sun.
 Sanitary Pit Privy

Vault Type
• Another type of
privy, which is
commonly used
when night soil is
collected for
agricultural
purposes.
 Bored-hole Latrine

• relatively deep hole

bored into the earth
with mechanical or
manual

• hole is about 10 to 18
inches in diameter
and usually 15 to 35
feet deep
Cat-hole

• The
onlysimplest
use the method
heel of
of
the
disposing
shoe or human
hands to
excreta
for a hole.
Water Sealed Latrine

•• pour-flushed
pit privy modified to
or hand-
includelatrine.
flushed the relatively
simple bowl made of
concentrate or other
durable materials
 Advantages
• safe for children

• nuisance is kept to a minimum

• Improved construction techniques

• can be installed near or inside the

dwelling

• satisfies all sanitary and aesthetic

Chemical Toilet
• Utilizes the principle of
liquefaction of organic
matter by the use of
caustic chemicals

• tank used is usually 500

gallons in capacity
made of steel and
capable of withstanding
corrosion
 Advantages
• Suitable for such
The location conveyances
is independent of
such as moving
underground vehicles.
conditions.

• Disposition of its contents is

facilitated through the
liquefaction of the solid matter

• It is suited to inside installation

• Danger of access by flies is

reduced to nil
 Disadvantages

• Higher initial cost than any other type of privy

• High maintenance cost.

• Systematic supervision and maintenance are

required, otherwise, poor operation will result in
bad odors.
Pail System

• Pail excreta of excreta

disposal is also known
as box-and-can privy

• The principle of the

privy is the provision of
a watertight receptacle
in a flytight
compartment
Overhung Latrine

• Consists of a
superstrucure
provided with latrine
floor built on top of
wooden piles above
the water and
connected to the main
building by a catwalk
or bridge.
Effects of Disposal System with
Water Carriage
• Septic Toilet • Septic Tank System

• Also called septic • Is a satisfactory unit

privy and aqua of excreta and other
privy; watertight liquid waste disposal
tank filled with for individual
water into which dwellings, small
the fecal material is group of houses, or
discharged. institutions