BRICK MASONRY

BRICK MASONRY
• Brick masonry is a highly durable form of construction.
• It is built by placing bricks in mortar in a systematic manner to construct solid mass
that withstand exerted loads.
• There are several types of bricks and a number of mortars which can be used to
construct brick masonry.
 TYPES OF BONDS IN BRICK
MASONRY WALL CONSTRUCTION
• 1. Stretcher bond
• 2. Header bond
• 3. English bond and
• 4. Flemish bond
 STRETCHER BOND
• Longer narrow face of the brick is called a stretcher as shown in the
elevation of figure below.
• Stretcher bond, also called a running bond, is created when bricks are
laid with only their stretchers showing, overlapping midway with the
courses of bricks below and above.
 STRETCHER BOND
• Stretcher bond in the brick is the
simplest repeating pattern.
• The limitation of stretcher bond is
that it cannot make effective
bonding with adjacent bricks in
full width thick brick walls.
• They are suitably used only for
one-half brick thick walls such as
for the construction half brick
thick partition wall.
 STRETCHER BOND
• Walls constructed with stretcher bonds are not stable enough to stand
alone in case of longer span and height. They Then need supporting
structures such as brick masonry columns at regular intervals.
• Stretcher bonds are commonly used in the steel or reinforced concrete
framed structures as the outer facing.
• These are also used as the outer facing of cavity walls. Other common
applications of such walls are the boundary walls, gardens etc.
STRETCHER BOND
 HEADER BOND
• Header is the shorter square face of the brick which measures 9cm x
9cm. Header bond is also known as heading bond.
• In header bonds, all bricks in each course are placed as headers on the
faces of the walls.
• Stretcher bond is used for the construction of walls of half brick
thickness whereas header bond is used for the construction of walls with
full brick thickness which measures 18cm.
 HEADER BOND
• In header bonds, the overlap is kept equal to half width of the brick. To
achieve this, three quarter brick bats are used in alternate courses as
quoins
HEADER BOND
 ENGLISH BOND
• English bond in brick masonry has one course of stretcher only and a
course of header above it, i.e. it has two alternating courses of stretchers
and headers. Headers are laid cantered on the stretchers in the course
below and each alternate row is vertically aligned.
• To break the continuity of vertical joints, quoin closer is used in
the beginning and end of a wall after the first header.
• A quoin close is a brick cut length wise into two halves and used at
corners in brick walls.
Queen closure
ENGLISH BOND
 ONE BRICK THICK ENGLISH BOND
PLAN OF FIRST COURSE

FRONT ELEVATION

PLAN OF FIRST COURSE

PLAN OF SECOND COURSE
ONE BRICK THICK ENGLISH BOND
ONE AND HALF BRICK THINK
ENGLISH BOND
 FLEMISH BOND
• In Flemish bond, each course consists of alternate headers and stretchers.
• The alternate headers of each course are centred over the stretchers in
the course below.
• Every alternate course starts with a header at the corner.
• For the breaking of vertical joints in the successive courses, closers are
inserted in alternate courses next to the quoin header.
• In walls having their thickness equal to an odd number of half bricks,
bats are essentially used to achieve the bond
FLEMISH BOND
FLEMISH BOND
 DOUBLE FLEMISH BOND
• In Double Flemish Bond, each course presents the same appearance both
in the front and back elevations.
• Every course consists of headers and stretchers laid alternately.
• This type of bond is best suited from considerations of economy and
appearance.
• It enables the one brick wall to have flush and uniform faces on both the
sides.
• This type of bonding is comparatively weaker than English bonds.
DOUBLE FLEMISH BOND
 SINGLE FLEMISH BOND
• This bond is a combination of English bond and Flemish bond.
• In this work the facing of the wall consists of Flemish bond and the
backing consists of English bond in each course. This type of
bonding cannot be adopted in walls less than one and a half brick in
thickness
• This bond is adopted to present the attractive appearance of Flemish
bond with an effort to ensure full strength in the brick work.
SINGLE FLEMISH BOND
SINGLE FLEMISH BOND
 COMPARISON OF ENGLISH BOND
AND FLEMISH BOND
• English bond is stronger than Flemish bond for walls thicker than one
and half brick
• Flemish bond gives more pleasing appearance than the English bond
• Broken bricks can be used in the form of bats in Flemish bond, however
more mortar is required
• Construction with Flemish bond requires greater skill in comparison to
English bond
RANDOM RUBBLE
MASONRY
 RANDOM RUBBLE MASONRY
• Rubble masonry is rough and uneven stone masonry.
• Random rubble stones or undressed stone that set in suitable mortar in
an irregular form.
• Generally, Random rubble stone masonry walls constructed from
undressed and uneven stones as the stones obtained from the quarry.
• Random rubble masonry is also called rubblework
RANDOM RUBBLE MASONRY
 COURSED
• In this type of masonry, the stones used are of widely different sizes.
This is roughest and cheapest form of stone masonry
• In coursed random rubble masonry, the masonry work is carried out in
courses such that the stone in a particular course are of equal height
 UN COURSED
• In this type of masonry, the stones used are of widely different sizes.
This is the roughest and cheapest form of stone masonry
• In un coursed random rubble masonry, the courses are not maintained
regularly. The larger stones are laid first and the space between them are
then filled up by means of spalls or sneeks