DESCRIPTIVE MEASURE

• MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCY

• MEASURES OF POSITION
• M E A S U R E S O F D I S P E R S I O N / VA R I A B I L I T Y
MEASURES OF CENTRAL
TENDENCY

MEAN, MEDIAN AND MODE

 MEAN
 
computed by adding all the values
and then the sum is divided by the
number of values included in the
sum.
most widely used measure of the
center
 denoted as for sample and for
population
 MEDIAN
middle value in an array of observations
To determine the median of a data set,
the observations must first be arranged
in increasing or decreasing order. Then
locate the middle value so that half of the
observations are less than or equal to
that value while the half of the
observations are greater than the middle
value.
 MODE

value that occurs most often

or it is that value that has the
highest frequency
 VIDEO LINKS:

• https://www.youtube.com/w
atch?v=yZETkRWMvMg
• https://www.youtube.com/w
atch?v=1M6KDrFAYFE
MEASURES OF POSITION
(QUANTILES)

DECILES, QUARTILES,
PERCENTILES
 When a set of data is
arranged from lowest to
highest, the distribution can
be divided into two, four,
ten or hundred equal parts.
The points which divide the
set of data equally are
called quantiles.
 QUANTILES
 MEDIAN – The quantile which divides the
distribution into two equal parts.
 QUARTILES – The quantile which divides
the distribution into four equal parts.
 DECILES - The quantile which divides the
distribution into ten equal parts.
 PERCENTILES - The quantile which
divides the distribution into one hundred
equal parts.
 QUARTILES
 
- divides the distribution into four
equal parts
- There are 3 quartiles, denoted
by .
- 25falls below falls below and
falls below
 DECILES
 
- divides the distribution into ten
equal parts
- There are 9 deciles, denoted
by ,…,.
- 10falls below falls below and so
on, falls below
 PERCENTILES
 
- divides the distribution into one
hundred equal parts
- There are 99 percentiles,
denoted by ,…,.
- 1falls below falls below and so
on, falls below
 VIDEO LINKS:

• https://www.youtube.com/w
atch?v=VbIX7SEjBHQ
MEASURES OF DISPERSION
(VARIATION)

M I N I M U M A N D M A X I M U M VA L U E ,
R A N G E , I N T E R Q U A R T I L E D E V I AT I O N ,
VA R I A N C E , S TA N D A R D D E V I AT I O N ,
C O E F F I C I E N T O F VA R I AT I O N
 MINIMUM AND MAXIMUM VALUE

 Minimum Value – Lowest Value

 Maximum Value – Highest Value

 RANGE
 The difference between the
largest and smallest
observations in the set.
 It measures the total spread in
the data set, but do not consider
how the data are distributed
between the largest and smallest
observations
 RANGE
 
FORMULA:
 INTERQUARTILE DEVIATION

 The difference between the

3 and 1 quartiles.
rd st

 It gives the spread of the

middle 50% of the data set
 INTERQUARTILE DEVIATION
 
FORMULA:

where:
 VARIANCE

 Measured in square units

 Measures the spread of all
the observations about the
mean, or the average scatter
around the mean.
 VARIANCE
 
FORMULA:

where:
 STANDARD DEVIATION

 Square root of the variance

 Measures the spread of all
the observations about the
mean, or the average scatter
around the mean.
 STANDARD DEVIATION
 
FORMULA:

where:
 COEFFICIENT OF VARIATION
 Usually used in comparing two
or more sets of data that are
measured in different units.
 It measures the scatter in the
data relative to the mean; thus, it
is expressed as percentage
 COEFFICIENT OF VARIATION
 
FORMULA:

where:
 VIDEO LINKS:

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J
gvjMYLR_Ns
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0
TulXwT_3ck
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z
AE-5TJy9kU
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b
_dafTU6opk
 ACTIVITY NO. 5
Give the value of each given measure with complete solutions.

The following set of data shows the scores of 25

students in a 100-item test in Statistics and
Probability. (ungrouped data)

46 49 61 60 53
64 66 71 67 66
72 74 79 76 75
79 79 88 83 80
89 91 98 95 94
 
a. Compute for the mean, median and mode.
b.Give the maximum and minimum value of the
given data.
c. Find ,
d.Find the range, interquartile range, standard
deviation, variance, and coefficient of
variation.
e. Describe and interpret the data based on the
results.