RECTIFIERS

 Rectifier Circuit – converts ac voltage into dc voltage

 Half-wave
 Full-wave

 DC Power Supply – operates from an ac voltage source

- an essential part of each electronic system
from the simplest to the most complex
 Half-Wave Rectifier – half-wave
rectification
 During Positive Half-Cycle
 During Negative Half-Cycle
 Output Waveform
 Average Value of the Half-Wave Output
Voltage
 the value you would measure on a dc voltmeter
 determined by finding the area under the curve over a
full cycle and then dividing by 2, the number of radians
in a full cycle
 VAVG or Vdc = Vp /  = 0.318Vp
 Effect of Barrier Potential on the Half-
Wave Rectifier Output
 Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV)
 equals the peak value of the input voltage, and
the diode must be capable of withstanding this
amount of repetitive reverse voltage
 PIV = Vp(in)
 Half-Wave Rectifier with Transformer-
Coupled Input Voltage
 Transformer – used to couple the ac input
voltage from the source to the rectifier
 allows the source voltage to be stepped up or
stepped down as needed
 the ac source is electrically isolated from the rectifier
 Half-Wave Rectifier with Transformer-Coupled
Input Voltage
 n = Nsec / Npri
 Vsec = n x Vpri
 Vp(out) = Vp(sec) – 0.7V
 PIV = Vp(sec)
 Example
 Determine the peak value of the output voltage
 Determine the rectified peak output voltage
 Determine the average voltage
 What is the PIV of the diode?
 Full-Wave Rectifier
 allows unidirectional (one-way) current through the
load during the entire 360 of the input cycle
 an output voltage with a frequency twice the input
frequency and that pulsates every half-cycle of the input
 VAVG = 2Vp /  = 0.636Vp
 Center-Tapped Full-Wave Rectifier
 uses two diodes connected to the secondary of a center-
tapped transformer
 input voltage is coupled through the transformer to the
center-tapped secondary
 half of the total secondary voltage appears between the
center tap and each end of the secondary winding
 PIV = 2Vp(out) + 0.7
 Example:
 Show the voltage waveforms across each of the
secondary winding and across RL when a 100V
peak sine wave is applied to the primary winding
 What minimum PIV rating must the diodes have?
 Bridge Full-Wave Rectifier – uses four
diodes
 During positive half-cycle
 Bridge Full-Wave Rectifier
 During Negative Half-Cycle
 Bridge Output Voltage
 Vp(out) = Vp(sec)
 Vp(out) = Vp(sec) – 1.4V

 Peak Inverse Voltage

 PIV = Vp(out)
 PIV = Vp(out) + 0.7V
 Example
 Determine the peak output voltage for the bridge
rectifier in the figure. Assuming the practical model,
what PIV rating is required for the diodes? The
transformer is specified to have a 12 Vrms secondary
voltage for a standard 110V across the primary.
Applications related to Mechanical Engineering

- Used to power the DC Pumps

- Used to power solenoid valves

Applications related to Mechanical Engineering

- Used to power the DC Automatic Gate

- Used to power DC motor for solar tracker

Applications related to Mechanical Engineering

- Used to power the DC Pumps

- Used to power solenoid valves

Applications related to Mechanical Engineering

- Used to power the DC Linear Motor