WHAT IS HISTORY?

HISTORY
Refers to the Study of Past Events,
Particularly in human affairs.
Since, History is a broad topic ,
It is categorized within Multiple
branches.
IMPORTANT
BRANCHES OF HISTORY

1. Military History
2.History of Religion
3. Social History
4.Cultural History
5. Diplomatic History
6.Economic History
7. Environmental History
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MILITARY HISTORY
Military history refers to warfare, strategies, battles,
weapons, and combat psychology.
The "new military history "since the 1970s has been more
concerned with soldiers than with generals, with psychology
rather than tactics and with the wider impact of war on
society and culture.
A notable Military Historian is Geoffrey Parker Noel Geoffrey Parker
(born 25 December 1943) a British historian specializing in Spanish
and military history of the early modern era. 
HISTORY OF RELIGION
The history of religion has been a major
theme for secular and religious historians for
centuries, and continues to be taught in
seminaries and academia.
Among the main newspapers are the History
of the Church, the Catholic Historical Review
and the History of Religions.
Topics range from political, cultural and
artistic dimensions to theology and liturgy.
This theme studies religions from all regions
and areas of the world where human beings
have lived.

A notable Historian within this branch of

history is Jean-Paul Roux, PhD (5 January
1925 – 29 June 2009) was a French
Turkologist and a specialist in Islamic culture.
CULTURAL HISTORY
Cultural history replaced social history
as the dominant form in the 1980s and
1990s.
It often combines the approaches of
anthropology and history to examine
language, popular cultural traditions, and
cultural interpretations of historical
experience.
Examines the narrative records and
descriptions of knowledge, customs, and past
arts of a group of people.

A notable historian of this branch

isCarl Jacob Christoph Burckhardt (May 25,
1818 – August 8, 1897) was a Swiss historian
of art and culture and an influential figure in
the historiography of both fields. He is known
as one of the major progenitors
of cultural history.
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SOCIAL HISTORY
Social history is the field that includes the history of ordinary people and their
strategies and institutions to deal with life.
In its "golden age"it was a major growth field in the 1960s and 1970s among
scholars, and is still well represented in departments of history.
The"old"social history, before the 1960s, was a hodgepodge of themes without
a central theme, and often included political movements, such as populism,
that were"social"in the sense of being outside the elite system.
Social history contrasts with political history, intellectual history, and the
history of great men.

A notable historian for this branch of history is The English historian GM

Trevelyan saw it as the bridge between economic history and political history,
reflecting that "without social history, economic history is sterile and political
history is unintelligible."
. 
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DIPLOMATIC HISTORY
Diplomatic history focuses on relations between nations, mainly
with respect to diplomacy and the causes of wars.
More recently, the causes of peace and human rights . It usually
presents the views of the foreign office, and long-term strategic
values ​as the driving force of continuity and change in history.
This type of political history is the study of the conduct of
international relations between states or across state borders
over time.
The historian Muriel Chamberlain points out that after the First
World War "Diplomatic history replaced constitutional history as
the flagship of historical research, at once the most important,
most accurate, and most sophisticated of historical studies.
. 
 ECONOMIC HISTORY
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Although economic history has been well established since

the late nineteenth century, academic studies in recent
years have increasingly shifted towards economics
departments and away from traditional history
departments.
Economic history deals with the history of individual
business organizations, business methods, government
regulation, labor relations, and impact on society.
It also includes biographies of individual companies,
executives and entrepreneurs.

A notable Economic historian would be

Karl Paul Polanyi was an Austro-Hungarian economic
historian, economic anthropologist, economic sociologist,
and etc.… He is known for his opposition to traditional
economic thought and for his book The Great
Transformation, which argued that the emergence of
market-based societies in modern Europe was not
inevitable but historically contingent.
ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY
Environmental history is the study of human
interaction with the natural world over time.
In contrast to other historical disciplines, the active
role that nature plays in influencing human affairs
stands out. Environmental historians study how
humans form their environment and are molded by
it. Environmental history tends to focus on particular
time scales, geographical regions or key issues.
It is also a strongly multidisciplinary subject that
draws heavily on the humanities and natural
sciences.

A notable Environmental Historian would beDonald

Worster (born 1941) is an American environmental
historian and was the Hall Distinguished Professor of
American History at the University of Kansas.He is one
of the founders of, and leading figures in, the field of
environmental history.In 2009, he was named to the
American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
“
What is Demography?
”
Demography refers to the statistical data
relating to the population and particular
groups within it.
“
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Simmons, Ian G. (1993). Environmental History: A Concise Introduction. Oxford: Blackwell. ISBN 1-55786-445-4.

”
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