• The problems faced by urban settlements are:

• Overcrowding.
• Housing.
• Unemployment.
• Slums and Squatter Settlements.
• Shortage of Water.
• Lack of Transport facilities.
• Sewerage Problems.
• Trash Disposal.
 Suburbs :
Outside the metro city, there may occasionally be a
small town.
A number of well-established towns.
Outside the metro city, there are small cities. These are
often called suburbs.
For example, Bhandup, Kalyan, Virar, etc. are
considered to be the suburbs of the main city of
Mumbai.
They are all cities in themselves but developed as a
result of growth in Mumbai. Hence, they are the
suburbs of Mumbai.
Similarly, Wakad, Hinjawadi, are suburbs of Pune.
• A suburb of a city or large town is a smaller area
which is part of the city or large town but is
outside its Centre.
• An outlying district of a city, especially a
residential one.
• A suburb or suburban area is a mixed-use or
residential area, existing either as part of a city
or urban area or as a separate residential
community within commuting distance of a city.
Suburbs might have their own political
jurisdiction,
• Mixed Land Use :
• It is an area where various types of land uses
exist together.
• These may include residential, commercial
and industrial land use in an integrated
manner.
• In such areas, one can find houses, businesses,
shops, schools, clinics and open spaces at one
place itself
Definition. Mixed land use enables a
range of land uses including residential,
commercial, and industrial to be co-
located in an integrated way that supports
sustainable forms of transport such as
public transport, walking and cycling, and
increases neighbourhood amenity.
 Land use and Land cover
• Land use is commonly • Land cover is commonly
defined as a series of defined as the
operations on land, vegetation (natural or
carried out by humans, planted) or man-made
with the intention to constructions (buildings,
obtain products and/or etc.) which occur on the
benefits through using earth surface. Water, ice,
land resources. bare rock, sand and
similar surfaces also
count as land cover.
• whereas land • Land cover indicates
use documents how the physical land type
people are using such as forest or open
the land. ...  water
• Land use shows how
people use the
landscape – whether for
development,
conservation, or
mixed uses.
• Land use is commonly • Land cover is commonly
defined as a series of defined as the
operations on land, vegetation (natural or
carried out by humans, planted) or man-made
with the intention to constructions
obtain products and/or (buildings, etc.) which
benefits through using occur on the earth
land resources. surface. Water, ice, bare
rock, sand and
similarsurfaces also
count as land cover.
• . Land use refers to the • Land cover refers to the
purpose the land surface cover on the
serves, for example, ground, whether
recreation, wildlife vegetation, urban
habitat or agriculture; infrastructure, water,
bare soil or other;

• Land use cannot be • Land cover can be

determined from determined by
satellite imagery. analyzing satellite and
aerial imagery.
Barren and Non agricultural land
Radial and Circular pattern
Seetlement