FORMWORK

YASH TAYAL.
6TH SEM 3RD YEAR
BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS 6
0809AR161118
• FORMWORK

1. Definition
2. Qualities of formwork
3. Types of formwork
4. Formwork details for different
structural members
5. Removal of formwork
6. Maintance of formwork
7. Cost of formwork
8. Adventages of steel formwork
• DEFINITION
Its is an artificial support provided below
and around the precast or cast in site
concrete work.
Formwork is commonly made of :-
• Steel
• Wood

When concrete has reached a certain

required strength, the form is no longer Formwork construction and casting
is of prime importance in concrete
needed & removed.
industry.

The operation of removing the form work It share a significantly amount of

is known as stripping. concrete cost about 20 to 25%.
• QUALITIES OF FORMWORK
• It should be
according to
IS 456-2000.
• It should be practically water •
proof so that it should not absorb
water from concrete.
• It should be strong.
• It can be cheaper & reusable
• It should be according to the size
of members
• It should be with minimum
shrinkage & swelling.
It should be stiff enough
against it’s deflection,
buckling under load.
• Its contact surface should be
uniform. It should be light in
weight.
• TYPES OF FORMWORK
• Formwork are mainly of two types:-
1. Steel.
2. Wooden.

• Steel formwork is made of :- • Wooden formwork consists

1. steel sheets of :-
2. Angle Iron 1. Props
3. Tee Iron 2. Planks battens
3. Ledgers
4. sheeting
• FORMWORK DETAILS FOR DIFFERENT
STRUCTURAL MEMBERS
• In concrete construction formwork is
commonly provided for the following
structural members.
1.Foundations.
2.Wall.
3.Column.
4.Slabs & beams.
5.Stairs.
• FORMWORK FOR FOUNDATION

Wall foundation
• It consists of:-
1. Plywood.
2. Sheeting.
3. Strut.
Column foundation
• It consists of:-
1. Side support
2. Side plank
3. cleat
• FORMWORK FOR WALL

• It consists of:-
1. Timber sheeting.
2. Vertical posts.
3. Horizontal members.
4. Rackers.
5. Stakes
Wedges.
• FORMWORK FOR COLUMN

• It consists of:-
1. Side & End Planks
2. Yoke
3. Nut & Bolts
• FORMWORK FOR SLAB AND BEAM

• It consists of:-
1. Sole plates
2. Wedges
3. Props
4. Head tree
5. Planks
6. Batten Ledgers
• FORMWORK FOR STAIRCASE

• It consists of:-
1. Vertical & inclined posts.
2. Inclined members.
3. Wooden Planks or
sheeting.
4. Stringer.
5. Riser Planks.
 • REMOVAL OF FORMWORK

• Time of formwork removal mainly depends on

the following factors.
1. Type of Cement.
Rapid hardening cements require lesser time as
compared to OPC (Ordinary Portland Cement).
1. Ratio of concrete mix.
Rich ratio concrete gain strength earlier as compared to
weak ratio concrete.
2. Weather condition.
Hydration process accelerates in hot weather
conditions as compared to cold and humid weather
conditions.
• REMOVAL OF FORMWORK
S.NO STRUCTURAL MEMBERS STRIPPING TIME
1. Beam sides, walls & Columns 1-2 Days as decided by
Engineer-in-charge

2. Slab Soffits 3 Days

3. Removal of props to slabs: 7 Days

i) Spanning up to 4.5 m 14 Days
ii) Spanning over 4.5 m

4. Removal of props to Beams & Arches: 14 Days

i) Spanning up to 6 m 21 Days
ii) Spanning over 6m

5. Beams Soffits 7 Days

• MAINTENANCE OF FORMWORK
• Due to continuous use wooden planks
& steel plates surfaces become uneven
and require maintenance.
• For wooden formwork use
cardboard or plastic fiber board.
Bolt hole placesmust also be
repaired.
• For steel formwork plates must
be levelled by malletand loose
corners must be welded.
• COST OF FORMWORK
• For normal works cost of formwork is
about 30%-40% of the concrete cost.
• For special works cost of formwork is
about 50%-60% of the concrete cost.
• Formwork cost is controlled by the
following factors
1. Formwork Material cost

2. Formwork erecting cost

3. Formwork removal cost

4. Formwork jointing cost (Nails and Cables)
Labour charges.
• ADVANTAGES OF FORMWORK
• It can be used for a numbers of times. It
is non absorbent.
• Smooth finish surface obtained. No
shrinkage of formwork occurs. Easy
to use.
• Its volume is less Its
strength is more.