REFERENCING STYLES

MLA

5 DEADLINES
MARATHON
1 In-text referencing

2 List of references
 Abbreviation Stand for
chap. chapter
edn. edition
rev. edn. revised edition
2nd edn. second edition
Abbreviation in ed. or edn. editor(s)
p. or pp. page(s)
referencing lists vol. volume
vols. volumes
no. numbers
n.d. no date
 1
In-text
Referecing
 In-text referce

In-text citations are strictly required when:

• Students directly quote someone else's work; or
• Students paraphrase someone else's work.
The in-text citation consists of:
• Author surname(s) (in the order that they appear on the actual
publication),followed by the year of publication of the source
that you are citing.
• Page or paragraph numbers for direct quotes
 2 List of referencing
3. Article 7. Work
1. Book

2. Web 6. Government
General Format

Author. Title of source. Title of container, Other contributors,

Version, Number, Publisher, Publication date, Location.

Title of container: do not list container for standalone books, e.g. novels
Other contributors: translators or editors
Version or edition
Number: vol. and/or no.
Location: pages, paragraphs URL or DOI
 1 One Author

a Two Authors

Book
2 2 More Than One

b More Than Two

3 Corporate Author
or Organization
 Book

Last Name, First Name. Title of Book. (City of Publication),

Publisher, Publication Date.

* The City of Publication should only be used :

+ If the book was published before 1900.
+ If the publisher has offices in more than one country
+ If the publisher is unknown in North America.
 Book

1. Book with One Author: the same with basic book format

E.g: Henley, Patricia. The Hummingbird House. MacMurray, 1999.

Last Name
Publication Date
Title of Book
Publisher
First Name
 Book

2a. Book has two authors: list the first name that appears on the book in normal
format, other authors are listed in the same way, appear in normal order.

→ E.g: Gillespie, Paula, and Neal, Lerner. The Allyn and Bacon Guide to Peer Tutoring. Allyn and Bacon,
2000.

Last Last Title of Book Publication Date

Name First Name First
Name Name Publisher
 Book

2b. Book has three or more authors: list only the first author followed by the
phrase “, et al.”.

First Name
Title of Book
Last Name

→ E.g: Wysocki, Anne Frances, et al. Writing New Media: Theory and Applications for Expanding the
Teaching of Composition. Utah State UP, 2004.

Publication Date
Publisher
 Book

3. Book by a Corporate Author or Organization:List the names of

corporate authors in the place where an author’s name typically appears.

→E.g: American Allergy Association. Allergies in Children. Random House, 1998.

Corporate Title of Book Publisher Publication Date

 Book

When the author and publisher are the same, skip the author, and list the title first.
Then, list the corporate author only as the publisher.

→E.g: Fair Housing—Fair Lending. Aspen Law & Business, 1985.

Title of Book Author also Publication

Publisher Date
 One
Author

Two No
Authors Web Author

More
than Two
 Web

One Author: Author’s Last name, First name. “Title of the Article or Individual
Page.” Title of the Website, Name of the Publisher, Date of Publication in Day
Month Year format, URL.
 Web

Two Authors: Last name, First name of Author 1, and First Name Last Name of
Author 2. “Title of Web Page.” Title of Website, Publisher, Date Published in
Day Month Year format, URL.

Eg:

Wadhwa, Vivek, and Alex Salkever. “How Can We Make Technology Healthier for
Humans?” Wired, Condé Nast, 26 June 2018, www.wired.com/story/healther-
technology-for-humans/.
 Web

More than Two: First listed author’s Last name, First name, et al. “Title of Web
Page.” Title of Website, Publisher, Date published in Day Month Year format, URL.
 Web

No author: “Title of Web Page.” Title of Website, Publisher, Date

published in Day Month Year format, URL.

Eg:

“One Health and Disease: Tick-Borne.” National Park Service, U.S. Department of the
Interior, https://www.nps.gov/articles/one-health-disease-ticks-borne.htm.
 One Author

Two Authors

Journal Articale

More than Two

No Author
 Journal Article

One Author: Author Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article.” Journal Title, vol. #,
no. #, year, page number(s). Database Title, DOI (if available) or URL (without
https://) or Permalink. Access Date (optional).

Author Title of Article Journal Tiltle Volume

Eg: Adams, Mark C. “Educating the Music User.” Music Educators Journal, vol. 103,

no. 1, 2016, pp. 64–69. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/44677803. Accessed 15 Feb. 2020.

Number Page Database URL Access Date

Year Title
 Journal Article

Two Authors: 1st Author Last Name, First Name, Second Author First Name Last Name. “Title of
Article.” Journal Title, vol. #, no. #, year of publication, page number(s). Database Title, DOI (if
available) or URL (without https://) or Permalink. Access Date (optional).

Eg: McCorkle, Ben, and Jason Palmeri. “Lessons from History: Teaching with Technology
in 100 Years of ‘English Journal.’” The English Journal, vol. 105, no. 6, 2016, pp. 18–
24. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/26359250. Accessed 15 Feb. 2020.
 Journal Article

More than Two: 1st Author Last Name, First Name, et al. “Title of Article.” Journal
Title, vol. #, no. #, year of publication, page number(s). Database Title, DOI (if
available) or URL (without https://)  or Permalink. Access Date (optional).

Eg:
Portier, C. J., et al. “A Human Health Perspective on Climate Change: A Report Outlining the Research Needs on
the Human Health Effects of Climate Change.” Journal of Current Issues in Globalization, vol. 6, no. 4, 2013, pp.
621-710. ProQuest, https://ezalumni.library.nyu.edu:2048/login?url=https://search-proquest-
com.alumniproxy.library.nyu.edu/docview/1627086437?accountid=33843.
 Journal Article

No author: “Title of Article.” Journal Title, vol. #, no. #, year of publication, page

number(s). Database Title, DOI (if available) or URL (without https://) or
Permalink. Access Date (optional).

Eg: “Climate Change and Cattle.” The Science Teacher, vol. 77, no. 1, 2010,
pp. 15–16. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/24145045. Accessed 16 Feb. 2020.
 Government Publication

- Cite the author of the publication if the author is identified.

- Otherwise, start with the name of the national government, followed by the agency
(including any subdivisions or agencies) that serves as the organizational author.
- For congressional documents, be sure to include the number of the Congress and the
session when the hearing was held or resolution passed as well as the report number.

National Goverment Agency Goverment Publication

→E.g: United States, Government Accountability Office. Climate Change: EPA and DOE Should Do More
to Encourage Progress Under Two Voluntary Programs. Government Printing Office, 2006.

Publisher Publication Date

 Work

Last name, First name. "Title of Essay." Title of Collection, edited by

Editor's Name(s), Publisher, Year, Page range of entry.

First Name Title of Essay Title of Collection

Last Name

→E.g: Harris, Muriel. "Talk to Me: Engaging Reluctant Writers." A Tutor's Guide:
Helping Writers One to One, edited by Ben Rafoth, Heinemann, 2000, pp. 24-34.

Edited by
Publication Page range
Editor's
Publisher Date of entry
Name(s)
SOURCES

MLA Style Introduction

Purdur Writing Lab research
EasyBib Guides
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