CLASSIFICATION OF

ENGINEERING SERVICES
CLASSIFICATION OF ENGINEERING SERVICES
The needs for professional civil engineering services vary, and the civil
engineering firms meet these needs vary in organizational structure,
size, and capability.

Services provided by civil engineers

1. Consultation, research, investigations, and reports
2. Design services of construction projects
3. Construction services
4. Special services for construction projects
5. Engineering support services
6. Academic services
7. Services as employee
 CONSULTATIONS, RESEARCH,
INVESTIGATIONS AND REPORTS

These services deal primarily with collecting,

interpreting, and reporting information,
together with formulating conclusions and
making recommendations.
 Design Services For Construction
Projects

Civil engineering services are required for each of six

typical phases of a construction project. All services are
preferably furnished by the same civil engineer for
consistency and efficiency, although at times services in
various phases are furnished by different engineers or by
the client.
Six Typical Phases of a Construction Project
1. Study and Report Phase
Analysis of the client's needs, conceptual design, conceptual opinions
of probable construction cost.

2. Preliminary Design Phase

Preparation of final design criteria, preliminary drawings, outline
specifications, and preliminary opinions of probable construction cost.

3. Final Design Phase

Preparation of design calculations, construction drawings,
specifications, estimated construction cost, and other contract
documents.
4. Bidding or Negotiating Phase
Assistance to the client with the bidding or negotiating
process for construction of the project.

5. Construction Phase
Advice and consultation on matters related to his services.

6. Operation Phase
Assistance to the client in start-up and operation of the
project, including periodic inspections.
Construction Services

Civil engineer may engage in construction contracting after being

licensed as a contractor by the Contractors Accreditation Board. It is
considered unethical for a civil engineer to allow his license to be
used by any other construction company except his own. 

Civil engineer may provide the services of a supporting technical

employee as required of a construction company. He shall however,
be paid the professional fees, in addition to his regular salary, for any
design work he performs for which he signs as professional Civil
Engineering and/or engineer on record.
Construction Projects
Special Services may include the following:
-Redesign to reflect changes requested by the client or
necessitated by the client’s acceptance of substitutions
proposed by the contractor.
-Assistance to the client as an expert witness in litigation in
connection with the project or in hearings before approving and
regulatory agencies.
-Preparation of detailed applications and supporting documents
for government grants or advances for public works projects.
-Plotting, computing, and filing subdivision plats staking lots,
and other land planning and partitioning activities.
 Special Services for Construction Projects
1. Value engineering
2. Appraisal and valuation
3. Load testing
4. Environmental evaluations
5. Traffic engineering
6. Forensic engineering for structural and other failures
7. Operational assistance
8. Materials process design
9. Pilot studies
10. Computer modeling
11. Safety engineering
12. Topographic, sounding and boundary survey engineering
13. Toxic and hazardous waste evaluation
14. Sales and marketing services
15. Expert witness
16. Representation of municipal or private entities in
projects proposed for privatization
-These services usually precede the authorization of a capital project and may involve extensive
investigations, analyses of conditions, and comparison of several possible plans.
Materials Engineering and Equipment test
These services include tests of materials and equipment under established
codes and standards, specialized examination of equipment and materials used
in construction and industry, and other inspections and monitoring required by
a client.

Direct Personal Service

This includes services such as assistance in preparation for legal proceedings.
Appearances before courts or commissions to render expert opinions and
conclusions, and investigations of technical matters where specialized civil
engineering knowledge, experience, and judgement is required.

Research and Development

Research is specialized investigation and gathering of data from existing
resources or through laboratory works and processes related to the purpose
and object of the research.
 Engineering Support Services
The engineering support services in general civil engineering practice
may involve drafting, land and construction surveying, and other
data gathering activities for specialized purposes.

 Academic Services
These services involve full or part time teaching or training of
prospective professionals and also the upgrading of knowledge and
skills of fellow professionals.

 Service as Employee
Civil engineer engages to perform work or fulfill duties regularly for
wages or salary being paid by an employer.
 
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