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Unit 10 Ecology Standard Bio
Unit 10 Ecology Standard Bio
Unit 10 Ecology Standard Bio
5/8
5/9
Day 1: Ecosystems & Limiting
Factors
Abiotic & Biotic factors
BIOTIC:Living things
NON-living
ABIOTIC:
things
Chesapeake Bay Reading
Read the paragraph.
Individual
SMAL
biotic
__________ and abiotic
Ecosystem factors interacting together. Charlotte, NC
A group of several
Community populations
_____________ in an area. OHS
your grade
A group of organisms of the
Population ______________ species level…9th, 10th,
same 11th
organism a living
One ______________,
Individual thing! you!
Only
Ecos
______ y s
_t_em
_ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _
r s
TI C f a ct o
d e s AB I O
inclu
too!
ECOSYSTE
M
COMMUNIT
Y
POPULATIO
N
ORGANISM
What is a limiting factor?!
• Factors that prevent a population from
increasingindefinitely (forever!)
_________________
• They can be _________ and ________
• Examples: abiotic biotic
– Predation
– Food
– Water
– Space
– shelter
Limiting factor example
CO2 O2
Limiting factor example
CO2 O2
Apply your knowledge!!
1. In the Chesapeake bay reading, what was the
limiting factor?
oxygen
2. Is this an abiotic or biotic factor?
abiotic
3. How did this limiting factor affect the fish
populations? Why?
Choose 1:
Pg.100-104
in your textbook
Warm Up
Which event illustrates the interaction of an abiotic
factor with a biotic factor in the environment?
a) The eel survives by paralyzing trout
b) The temperature of water affects its oxygen
level
c) The low light intensity of the forest affects the
growth of pine trees
d) A gypsy moth caterpillar eats the leaves of an
apple tree
Day 2: Relationships
1. Symbiotic relationships: 2
organisms depend on each
other
a. Mutualism: both organisms
benefit from the relationship
[]
b. Parasitism: one organism lives on
or inside another and harms it. Parasite
often gets nutrients from the host.
[]
c. Commensalism: one
organism benefits while the
other is unaffected [ ]
Symbiosis Cards
1. Each group will get 3 sets of cards
2. Sort the cards into columns based on
the type of symbiotic relationship
Mutualism? Parasitism?
Commensalism?
7 minutes
Feeding relationships:
a) Predator- Prey: Organism that hunts
and kills another organism for food
(predation)
PREDATOR:
captures and eats other animals
plants
• Herbivore: eats only _____________
secondary
heterotroph
consumer
Primary
heterotroph consumer
autotroph producer
Food Webs
What would
happen if an
organism were
to go extinct?
were
overpopulated?
were over-
hunted?
Autotroph?
Heterotroph?
Producer?
Consumer?
Biomass: number of _____________
organisms
how _________
Shows ______ many (or total ________)
mass at
each level
am
ex
10,000
500,000
1,000,000
organisms
Energy Pyramid: movement of _______
energy
Primary
consumer 10%
producer 100%
Carbon Cycle: movement of matter
Glucose
(C6H12O6)
CO2 O2
Carbon Cycle: movement of matter
solidsand _____________
• Carbon comes in __________
gases
• Matter is _____________________!
RECYCLED
PRACTICE!!
Pg. U8-4
Group Project
DRAW THE ARROWS
Warm Up
1. What is a limiting factor (day 1)?
No limiting factor!
Population Growth
s
Logistic Growth = ____ Curve
limiting factors
Levels off due to ___________
carryingcapacity = largest # of
Reaches ___________
organisms the ecosystem can support
Carrying capacity
1. What is the species name for
Darwin's finches? What is
the genus name?
2. What limiting factor affected
the carrying capacity of the
island for Darwin's finches?
– cell phones should be put away. (If I see a cell phone out during class today I will
collect it)
– Use the bathroom during class change! (meaning right now before class begins) If you
need to go during class it will NOT be during the first or last 10 minutes of class OR
while notes are being taken. Please do not raise your hand to ask to use the bathroom and
interrupt notes, the answer will be no.
– Ecology Quiz will be moved to tomorrow! (It will cover information from all of our
notes through today = Notes 1-6)
demographic
We underwent a _________________
transition
____________________: throughout history we’ve
high
high
had ______ birthrates and _______ death rates, so
stable remained ________. With advances in
populations
medicine, nutrition, and sanitation, we now have
LOW death rates so the world population is
_________
growing
______________ rapidly.
Human Population Growth
4 things can affect the size of a population:
Description:
Too many people on Earth.
#1 cause of ALL
environmental problems
Pollution
Description:
Man-made waste put into
the environment.
Habitat Destruction
Description:
Destroying habitats of plants
human
and animals by
activities
*Eventually extinction
Invasive species
Description:
Species not originally from the area take over.
Not affected by natural limiting factors! –
population out of control!!
Burning Fossil Fuels
Description:
Releases CO2 into
atmosphere; greenhouse effect
traps in heat
Global Warming
Description:
Increase in the global
temperature due to increase in
CO2 levels; greenhouse
effect traps in heat
bioaccumulation
Description:
Pesticides move up through a
food web to toxic levels
Warm Up
A
1. What relationship does Graph A
represent?
• Learned
Innate behaviors
• A behavior that is not learned but
determined by your genes.
•Chimpanzee
using a tool
Examples of Learned Behaviors
1. Classical conditioning-response to a
stimulus learned by association with a
specific action (example: bell rings?)
– Classical conditioning
Types of Learned Behaviors
Trial and Error (Operant Conditioning)
• Animal associates an action (behavior) with a
positive or negative response
Types of Learned Behaviors
• Insight Learning (Reasoning) – Animal uses
previous experience to respond to a new
situation.
Types of Learned Behaviors
Imprinting – Animal forms a
strong attachment to another
organism (hopefully, Mom)
Social Behaviors
• Social behaviors occur when animals interact
with their own species.
• Can be innate, learned, or a combination of
both.
• Usually some form of communication is
exhibited in social behavior.
Examples:
-territoriality
-courtship
-communication
Visual Social Behaviors
• Bee Waggle Dance – Complex movement that
bees use to tell other bees in hive location and
distance to a good food source.
Courtship Hibernation
Reflex Arc Fight or Flight Behavior used to help attract Entering a dormant state in
the best mate. response to temperature
A simple, unconscious response Automatic Adrenalin rush
((cold)
to a stimulus due to a sudden fright
Migration
Dominance
Large scale movement for
Hierarchy
food or reproduction
Taxis Establishing a dominant
member of a group
Movement towards or away Territoriality
from a stimulus Behavior used to defend a
physical space
Estivation
Entering a dormant state in
response to dry conditions
and hot temperatures
Learned
Behavior
Requires prior
experience