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LANDING IRREGULARITIES

Landing Irregularities
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INTRODUCTION

Landing Irregularities
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Landing Irregularities
• High flare
• Floating
• Ballooning
• Bouncing / hard landing
• Porpoising
• Landing in a drift or crab
• Wing rise after touchdown
• Questions and answers
Landing Irregularities
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High Flare

Flaring early, excessive pitch Cause:

Hard Landing, Stall, Premature Touchdown Effects

Slight pitch down to normal flare Recovery

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Floating During Round Out

Late power reduction, Excessive Airspeed, Improper Cause

flap setting

Long landing Effects

Gradually increase pitch Recovery

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Ballooning During Round Out

Rapid Flare and excessive Airspeed Cause

Altitude gain Effects

Reduce power, Hold landing attitude Recovery

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Bouncing During Touchdown

Hard landing Cause

Possible gear damage Effects

Hold landing attitude Recovery

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Hard Landing

Hard landing Cause

Possible gear damage Effects

Hold landing attitude Recovery

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Porpoising

Flat landing, nose gear contacts runway Cause

Oscillating bouncing, Heavy runway impacts Effects

Takeoff attitude Recovery

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Touchdown In Drift Or Crab

Insufficient crosswind controls Cause

Drift from center line, side loads on gear Effects

Maintain directional control Recovery

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Wing Rise After Touchdown

Lift differential and insufficient crosswind controls Cause

Upwind wing and gear lift off, possible loss of Effects

directional control
Ailerons to level wings, Rudder for directional control Recovery

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SUGGESTIONS ADDITIONS

LIFT