MEMORY

Instructor: Hina Jaffery

 Observe the
following picture
carefully
 DEFINITION

‘It is defined as the cognitive

system for storing and
retrieving information.’
 STEPS OF MEMORY
FORMATION
1. Encoding: The process through which
sensory information is converted into neural
impulses.

2. Storing: the process through which

information is retained in the memory.

3. Retrieval: the process through which

information stored in the brain is located.
 Name four things you
observed in the picture shown
previously
 TYPES OF MEMORY
Type Definition Duration Capacity
Sensory Temporary Few seconds High
storage of
sensory
information
Short-term Brief storage Less than 20 sec Limited
of information
currently being
used
Long-term Relatively Long/Permanent Unlimited
permanent
storage
Sensory Memory

Attention

Short-term Memory

Elaborative Rehearsal

Long-term Memory
 FORGETTING

Definition
‘The apparent loss or modification of
information already encoded and
stored in an individual's long-term
memory.’
 RELATED CONCEPTS
Schema: Mental frameworks centering around a
specific theme that help us to organize social
information.
Repression: The active elimination from
consciousness of memories of experiences we
find threatening.
Amnesia: Loss of memory stemming from
illness, injury, drug abuse, or other causes.
Alzheimer’s Disease: An illness afflicting
people above 65 years of age involving severe
amnesia.