CONFIDENCE Chapter 6

INTERVALS By: Sarah Christine

CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
1.  Confidence Intervals for the Mean ( Known)
2. Confidence Intervals for the Mean ( Unknown)
3. Confidence Intervals for Population Proportions
4. Confidence Intervals for Variance and Standard Deviation
 The population
standard deviation is 1
known

Mean

The population
Quantitative standard deviation is 2
known

Variance and Standard

Deviation
Confidence 4
Interval
TIDAK DIPELAJARI

3
Qualitative Proportion

Is the variable quantitative What variable is being Is the population standard

or qualitative? asked? deviation known?
6.1 CONFIDENCE INTERVALS FOR THE MEAN
( KNOWN)
CONFIDENCE INTERVALS
 THE MEAN ( KNOWN) FOR

1. Estimating Population Parameters

2. Confidence Intervals for a Population Mean
3. Sample Size
6.1 CONFIDENCE INTERVALS FOR THE MEAN
( KNOWN) - 1
ESTIMATING POPULATION
PARAMETERS
In  this chapter, you will learn an important technique of statistical inference—to use sample
statistics to estimate the value of an unknown population parameter.
In this section and the next, you will learn how to use sample statistics to make an estimate of
the population parameter when the population standard deviation is known (this section) or
when is unknown (Section 6.2).

To make such an inference, begin by finding a point estimate.

6.1 CONFIDENCE INTERVALS FOR THE MEAN
( KNOWN) - 1
ESTIMATING POPULATION
PARAMETERS
The
  validity of an estimation method is increased when you use a sample statistic that
is unbiased and has low variability.

1. A statistic is unbiased if it does not overestimate or underestimate the population

parameter. is an unbiased estimator of .

2. When the standard error () of a sample mean is decreased by increasing n, it

becomes less variable.
6.2 CONFIDENCE INTERVALS FOR THE MEAN
( UNKNOWN)
CONFIDENCE INTERVALS
 THE MEAN ( UNKNOWN) FOR

1. The t-Distribution
2. Confidence Intervals and t-Distributions
6.2 CONFIDENCE INTERVALS FOR THE MEAN
( UNKNOWN) - 1

THE T-DISTRIBUTION
In many real-life situations, the population standard deviation is unknown. So, how
can you construct a confidence interval for a population mean when s is not known?
For a random variable that is normally distributed (or approximately normally
distributed), you can use a t-distribution.
6.3 CONFIDENCE INTERVALS FOR POPULATION
PROPORTIONS
CONFIDENCE INTERVALS FOR
POPULATION PROPORTIONS
1. Point Estimate for a Population Proportion
2. Confidence Intervals for a Population Proportion
3. Finding a Minimum Sample Size